Intro To The Human Body-Vocab

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

The structure of the human body.

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

The functions of the human body and its different parts.

Front 3

Metabolism

Back 3

The chemical processes that occur within the body that allow life to continue.

Front 4

Homeostasis

Back 4

The body's tendency to maintain a stable equilibrium.

Front 5

Interstitial Fluid

Back 5

A solution that surrounds tissue cells.

Front 6

Anatomical Position

Back 6

Erect body, face forward, arms at the sides with the palms facing forward.

Front 7

Cephalic

Back 7

Head

Front 8

Cervical

Back 8

Neck

Front 9

Axillary

Back 9

Armpit

Front 10

Brachial

Back 10

Arm

Front 11

Carpal

Back 11

Wrist

Front 12

Digital

Back 12

Fingers

Front 13

Femoral

Back 13

Thigh

Front 14

Tarsal

Back 14

Ankle

Front 15

Frontal

Back 15

Forehead

Front 16

Nasal

Back 16

Nose

Front 17

Thoracic

Back 17

Chest

Front 18

Mammary

Back 18

Breasts

Front 19

Inguinal

Back 19

Groin

Front 20

Patellar

Back 20

Knee

Front 21

Pubic

Back 21

Crotch

Front 22

Vertebral

Back 22

Spine

Front 23

Lumbar

Back 23

Lower back

Front 24

Sacral

Back 24

Tailbone

Front 25

Gluteal

Back 25

Butt

Front 26

Calcaneal

Back 26

Heel

Front 27

Popliteal

Back 27

Back of the knee

Front 28

Explain how feedback systems maintain homeostasis in the human body.

Back 28

Feedback systems either encourage or discourage the body from doing something in order to maintain an equilibrium of conditions within the body.

Front 29

Negative feedback

Back 29

A process that stops that causes an activity in the body to slow down or stop completely.

(i.e. Sweating is negative feedback because it counteracts the increase in body temperature)

Front 30

Positive feedback

Back 30

A process that encourages or amplifies a physiological process in a system.

(i.e. In labor contractions of the uterus push the child down causing the head to push the cervix causing the brain to release oxytocin which causes contractions to intensify and they cycle repeats)

Front 31

Dorsal

Back 31

located towards the back of the human body

Front 32

Ventral

Back 32

towards the front or anterior of any structure

Front 33

Superior

Back 33

above another point

Front 34

Inferior

Back 34

below or lower; closer to the soles of the feet.

Front 35

Anterior

Back 35

Towards the front as opposed to posterior.

Front 36

Posterior

Back 36

Behind something or towards the back of the body

Front 37

Medial

Back 37

in or toward the middle

Front 38

Lateral

Back 38

Farther from the middle of the body

Front 39

Superficial

Back 39

on the surface, as opposed to deep

Front 40

Deep

Back 40

away from the surface; further into the body

Front 41

Proximal

Back 41

Closer in comparison to something else

Front 42

Distal

Back 42

away from a point of attachment or origin

Front 43

Sagittal

Back 43

A vertical plane passing through the body from front to back.

Front 44

Midsagittal

Back 44

Sagittal plane that splits the body equally into two halves.

Front 45

Parasagittal

Back 45

Sagittal plane that produces unequal halves.

Front 46

Frontal

Back 46

Vertical plane dividing the body into half between anterior and posterior

Front 47

Coronal

Back 47

Dividing the body from superior and inferior parts.

Front 48

Dorsal body cavity

Back 48

From the top of the head to the end of the spinal cord. Houses the cranial, spinal, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Front 49

Ventral body cavity

Back 49

Cavity in the front of the human body. Houses the abdominopelvic and thoracic regions.

Front 50

Mediastinum

Back 50

A membranous separation between two body cavities or parts of an organ.

Front 51

Pericardium

Back 51

The tissue in the area surrounding the heart and its main blood vessels.

Front 52

Pleurae

Back 52

The membranes that cover the lungs in the chest cavity.

Front 53

Peritoneum

Back 53

The serous membrane the lines the abdominal cavity. Layer of mesothelium supported by thin connective tissues.

Front 54

Meninges

Back 54

The three membranes (dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater) that line the skull and vertebral canal housing the brain and spinal cord. It protects the central nervous system.