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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Language universals
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properties that all human languages have in common
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Language domain
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properties of a particular language specific to a particular region or social group
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Dialect
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Systematic variety of a language specific to a particular region or social group
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Idiolect
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specific linguistic system of a particular person
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Pidgin
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mixture of 2 existing languages brought together by trade or colonization
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Creole
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pidgin that has become the native language of a group of speakers
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lexical morphemes (free)
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have meaning in themselves, can stand alone
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grammatical morphemes (bound)
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no meaning in themselves, they reflect relationships or qualities of lexical morphemes
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Inflectional morphemes (8)
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Affixes. Plurals, possessives, comparatives, superlatives, present, past, past participle, present participle
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Derivational morphemes
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All other affixes
ie: ize, ful, ly, un |
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Cognate sounds
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consonants produced with same place and manner of articulation, only difference is voicing
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Homorganic
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Sounds produced in the same place of articulation
(manner and voicing may be diff) |
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Obstruents
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consonant classes in which there are voiced/ voiceless cognates: stops, fricatives, affricates
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Sonorants
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consonants which the flow of air is relatively unobstructed and characterized by vowel-like acoustic energy: nasals, liquids, glides, vowels
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Stridents
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consonants that have considerable noisy turbulance caused by forceful airflow striking back of teeth : f, v, s, z, sh, je, ch, juh
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Sibilants
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consonants described as "hissing sounds"
s, z sh, je, ch, juh |
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Continuants
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sounds w/ no complete stoppage of air flow at any time during production
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Syllabic symbol
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when a consonant serves as the nuclesu of a syllable.
Usually m,n,ing, lateral l, and rhotic r |
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Source
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alterations in sound energy
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Tongue
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describe modifications of lingual articulation, in place of articulation
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(stop)Release
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laryngeal and supralaryngeal characteristics assoc. w/ stop articulation
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(timing) Juncture symbols
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describe temporal pattern and intonation. Timing=duration. Juncture= oral oral punctuation
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Stress
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3 degrees of stress are marked above a vowel in a word (1,2,3)
1=primary, highest degree of stress |
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Nasal
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describe aspects of velopharyngeal function.
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Lip
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describe aspects of lip articulation
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Onglide
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a brief or fragmentary sound that precedes the main symbol
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Offglide
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a brief or fragmentary sound that follows the main symbol
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