Interactive Study Guide For The Texes Chps. 4 & 5

Front 1

Accomodation

Back 1

Learning by changing existing knowledge structures

Front 2

Assimilation

Back 2

Learning by adding new knowledge to existing knowledge

Front 3

Cognitive Domain

Back 3

Memory, reasoning, and thinking abilities

Front 4

Ethnocentrism

Back 4

Believing one's culture is better than other cultures

Front 5

Scaffolding

Back 5

Support for learning and problem solving that is withdrawn as competence improves

Front 6

Zone of proximal development

Back 6

Difference between what a student can do alone and with help from a peer or adult

Front 7

Transition

Back 7

Moving from one activity or lesson part to another

Front 8

Acculturation

Back 8

Blending a native culture with a new culture, keeping elements of both

Front 9

Adolescence

Back 9

A transitional period of physical and psychological development beginning around 11 to 13 yrs, extending through the teenage years

Front 10

Affective Domain

Back 10

Feelings, emotions, values, and attitudes

Front 11

Biracial or Multiracial

Back 11

Having ancestors from two or more racial groups

Front 12

Constructivism

Back 12

Learner-centerd approach to teaching; students construct knowledge for themselves

Front 13

Cultural Pluralism

Back 13

A system in which many different cultural groups are valued and share power

Front 14

Culture

Back 14

A way of life shared by memberss of a certain group, including values, beliefs, and attitudes

Front 15

Development

Back 15

Changes taking place as one grows

Front 16

Developmentally appropriate or Age Appropriate

Back 16

Considering the age and stage of growth of the child in providing and planning learning experiences

Front 17

Diversity

Back 17

Variety of different groups within the same setting

Front 18

Egocentric

Back 18

Self-centeredness, especially in very young children

Front 19

Ethnic group or Ethnicity

Back 19

A social group defined on the basis of its religious, national, or cultural characteristics

Front 20

Field-Dependent

Back 20

Perceiving as a whole and prefering to learn with others

Front 21

Field-Independent

Back 21

Perceiving in parts and prefering to learn alone

Front 22

Guided Practice

Back 22

Practicing under the direction of the teacher

Front 23

Higher level thinking skills

Back 23

The ability to use basic knowledge in analyzing, evaluating, or manipulating information

Front 24

Interdisciplinary unit

Back 24

Many subject areas are included under one topic or theme (also called Thematic units or an Integrated approach)

Front 25

Kinesthetic (Tactile) Learner

Back 25

Students who learn best by movement

Front 26

KWL

Back 26

Stands for "What I Know, What I want to know, and What I Learned." Used as an instructional activity to establish student knowledge before and after introducing a lesson or unit

Front 27

Maturation or Development

Back 27

The process of growing and changing

Front 28

Melting Pot Theory

Back 28

The theory that cultures should blend into the main culture, losing unique characteristics

Front 29

Metacognition

Back 29

Ability to monitor and think about one's own thinking, learning, and remembering

Front 30

Modeling

Back 30

The teacher or student demonstrates processes, skills, or behaviors for learning

Front 31

Prejudice

Back 31

Positive/negative mindset for a group of people

Front 32

Psychomotor Domain

Back 32

Physical activities or skills

Front 33

Salad Bowl Theory

Back 33

The theory that cultures mix but retain uniqueness

Front 34

Schema (Schemata)

Back 34

Mental structures for organizing concepts and relationships

Front 35

Self-Actualization

Back 35

Reaching one's fullest potential

Front 36

Self-Concept

Back 36

Ones's perception of self (neither good nor bad)

Front 37

Self-Efficacy

Back 37

Self-confidence that one can succeed (good)

Front 38

Self-Esteem

Back 38

Feelings about oneself (can be good or bad)

Front 39

Sterotype

Back 39

Assumption about certain types of people

Front 40

Tactile Learners

Back 40

Students who learn best by touch

Front 41

Alternative Education Program (AEP)

Back 41

A campus or district-level placement for disruptive students who have broken rules or laws

Front 42

Authoritarian

Back 42

Requiring strict adherence to rules

Front 43

Classroom climate

Back 43

Atmosphere or feeling from interactions within the classroom

Front 44

Classroom Management

Back 44

How a teacher sets up and runs a supportive classroom free from distractions adn inappropriate behavior

Front 45

Conflict Resolution

Back 45

Strategies for settling disagreements

Front 46

Consequences

Back 46

Results that logically or naturally follow an action

Front 47

Discipline

Back 47

A system of positive guidance and redirection encouraging students to regulate their own behavior

Front 48

Learning Center

Back 48

An area in the classroom where students can work independently at their own ability levels

Front 49

Permissive

Back 49

Allowing or tolerating leniency in relation to rules

Front 50

Prominent

Back 50

Noticeable or conspicuous

Front 51

Sponge Activity

Back 51

A short lesson to involve students and to "soak" up time before instruction begins

Front 52

Transformation

Back 52

An act, process or instance of change in structure, appearance or character.
http://www.gao.gov/cghome/pubstrat20050131/img22.html

Front 53

Sensori Motor Stage (Infancy)

Back 53

(Piaget - Stages of Cognitive Development) In this period intelligence is demonstrated through motor activity without the use of symbols. Knowledge of the world is limited (but developing) because its based on physical interactions / experiences. Children acquire object permanence at about 7 months of age (memory). Physical development (mobility) allows the child to begin developing new intellectual abilities. Some symbollic (language) abilities are developed at the end of this stage.
http://teach.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/piaget.html

Front 54

Social Development Theory

Back 54

Social interaction precedes development; consciousness and cognition are the end product of socialization and social behavior.

http://www.learning-theories.com/vygotskys-social-learning-theory.html

Front 55

Preoperational Stage

Back 55

(Piaget - Stages in cognitive development)

(Toddler and Early Childhood). In this period (which has two substages), intelligence is demonstrated through the use of symbols, language use matures, and memory and imagination are developed, but thinking is done in a nonlogical, nonreversable manner. Egocentric thinking predominates

http://teach.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/piaget.html

Front 56

Concrete Stage

Back 56

(Piaget - Stages in cognitive development)

(Elementary and early adolescence). In this stage (characterized by 7 types of conservation: number, length, liquid, mass, weight, area, volume), intelligence is demonstarted through logical and systematic manipulation of symbols related to concrete objects. Operational thinking develops (mental actions that are reversible). Egocentric thought diminishes.
http://teach.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/piaget.html

Front 57

Formal Operation Stage

Back 57

(Piaget - Stages in cognitive development)(Adolescence and adulthood). In this stage, intelligence is demonstrated through the logical use of symbols related to abstract concepts. Early in the period there is a return to egocentric thought. Only 35% of high school graduates in industrialized countries obtain formal operations; many people do not think formally during adulthood.



http://teach.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/piaget.html

Front 58

Centration

Back 58

the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others. A term introduced by the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget (1896–1980) to refer to the tendency of young children to focus attention on only one salient aspect of an object, situation, or problem at a time, to the exclusion of other potentially relevant aspects.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centration

Front 59

Irreversibility

Back 59

The quality of being irreversible (once done it cannot be changed).

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Irreversibility