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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Earth constantly doing?
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Changing
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Why is it difficult to explain the inside of the earth?
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Because we can't see it!
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What do we use to "see" what is in inside the earth.
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Evidence
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What is direct evidence?
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evidence you can see such as rocks.
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What is indirect evidence?
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evidence you can't see such as seismic waves.
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What are the 3 MAIN layers?
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Crust, mantle and core. (In that order from outer to inner)
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What are 3 differences in the layers?
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temperature, composition, and pressure
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Solids can sometimes behave like....
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liquids
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Things that are more dense will be on the...,.
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bottom
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For every _____meters that we go down the temperature rises __ degree celcius
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40m 1 degree celcius
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The result of the left over heat when the earth formed is?
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radioactivity
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Why does pressure rise as you go further down through the Earth?
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because of the land above you
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What is the core composed of?
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iron & nickel
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The CORE has an inner core and an outer core. What is the inner core composed of? Outer core composed of?
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outer core=liquid
inner core= solid |
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How many kilometer thick is the core?
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3,486 km thick.
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What surrounds the inner core?
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molten metal
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Describe the inner core.
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A dense ball of solid metal
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There is so much pressure in the inner core, that it can't do what?
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become liquid
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What are elements that the core also *MAY* contain?
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oxygen, sulfur, silicon
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The movement in the liquid outer core creates a what?
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magnetic field
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Why does a compass always point North?
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magnetic fields
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Name the layers from outest to inner.
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Crust, Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mantle, Lower Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
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What is the definetion of the crust?
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Layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and ocean floor.
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How thick is the crust?
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5-40 km thick
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What is the GREATEST thickness of the crust?
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70 km thick
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What is the oceanic crust and describe it? ~this is part of the crust~
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Basalt, Color=dark, Texture= fine.
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What type of rock is the continenetal crust made up of and describe it?
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Granite, light color, the texture is coarse
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Give the definetion of the Mantle.
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The layer of hot, solid, material between the crust and core.
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The layers in the mantle are separated based on what?
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physical charicteristics
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Overall the mantle is how many kilometers thick?
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3,000
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What is the most upper part of the mantle and crust?
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Lithosphere
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How thick is the Lithosphere?
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100 km thick.
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What is increased in the Asthenosphere?
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temperature and pressure
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What are the roots for lithosphere and asthenesphere?
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Lith=stone
Asthenes=weak |
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Why is the rock less rigid and can bend in the Asthenosphere?
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More pressure and hot temperatures
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What happens over time in the Atenosphere?
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The rock flows
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What type of rock is the continenetal crust made up of and describe it?
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Granite, light color, the texture is coarse
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Give the definetion of the Mantle.
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The layer of hot, solid, material between the crust and core.
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The layers in the mantle are separated based on what?
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physical charicteristics
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Overall the mantle is how many kilometers thick?
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3,000
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What is the most upper part of the mantle and crust?
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Lithosphere
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How thick is the Lithosphere?
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100 km thick.
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What is increased in the Asthenosphere?
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temperature and pressure
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What are the roots for lithosphere and asthenesphere?
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Lith=stone
Asthenes=weak |
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Why is the rock less rigid and can bend in the Asthenosphere?
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More pressure and hot temperatures
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What happens over time in the Atenosphere?
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The rock flows
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Describe the lower mantle.
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Solid & extends to core.
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What does heat make particles do?
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MOVE FASTER, which takes up more space, which causes it to become LESS DENSE
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What is the transfer in heat transfer?
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hot to cold
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What is Radiation?
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moving through space
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What is Conduction?
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heat transfer by molecules touching
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What is Convection?
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heat transfer by movement of fluids.
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What 2 things can fluids be?
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gas or liquid
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What is the mathematical equation for Density?
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mass divided by volume
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