Information Systems Ch 2

Front 1

digital firm

Back 1

nearly all of the organization's significant business relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled and mediated.

Front 2

business model

Back 2

describes how a company produces, delivers

Front 3

business processes

Back 3

-workflows of material, information, knowledge among the participants in business processes
-sets of activities, steps
-may be tied to functional area or be cross-functional

Front 4

examples of functional business processes

Back 4

-manufacturing and production

-sales and marketing

-finance and accounting

-human resources

Front 5

information technology enhances business processes in two main ways:

Back 5

1. Increasing efficiency of existing processes
2. Enabling entirely new processes that are capable of transforming the business

Front 6

transaction processing systems

Back 6

-supporting operational level employees
-perform and record daily routine transactions necessary to conduct business. ex- sales order entry, payroll, shipping.

-allow managers to monitor status of operations and relations with external environment

Front 7

management information systems

Back 7

-supporting managers
-involves looking at all the systems used in the business
-serve middle management

-provide reports on firm's current performance, based on data from TPS

-provide answers to routine questions with predefined procedure for answering them

-typically have little analytic capability

Front 8

decision support systems

Back 8

-serve middle management

-support non-routine decision making

-often use external info as well from TPS and MIS

Front 9

business intelligence

Back 9

-class of software applications

-analyze current and historical data to find patterns and trends and aid decision-making

-used in systems that support middle and senior management

Front 10

executive support systems

Back 10

-supporting executives
-support senior management

-address non-routine decisions

-incorporate data about external events as well as summarized info from internal MIS and DSS

Front 11

enterprise applications

Back 11

-used to manage information used to ensure that TPS, MIS, DSS, and ESS work together smoothly.

Front 12

four major enterprise applications

Back 12

1. enterprise systems-integrate business processes (ERP)

2. supply chain management systems (SCM) - manage relationships with their suppliers

3. customer relationship management systems (CRM)

4. knowledge management systems (KMS) - manage processes for capturing and applying knowledge and expertise

Front 13

enterprise systems

Back 13

-refers to the larger database environment within which the enterprise applications reside and operate
-collects data from different firm functions and stores data in single central data repository (database)

resolves problem of fragmented, redundant data sets and systems

Front 14

supply chain management systems

Back 14

-manage firm's relationships with suppliers

-share information about orders, production, inventory levels, delivery of products and services

goal: right amount of products to destination with least amount of time and lowest cost

Front 15

customer relationship management systems

Back 15

-provide information to coordinate all of the business processes that deal with customers in sales, marketing, and service to optimize revenue, customer satisfaction, and customer retention

Front 16

knowledge management systems

Back 16

-support processes for acquiring, creating, storing, distributing, applying, integrating knowledge

-collect internal knowledge and experience within firm and make it available to employees

Front 17

intranets

Back 17

internal company web sites accessible only by employees

Front 18

extranets

Back 18

company web sites accessible externally only to vendors and suppliers

-often used to coordinate supply chain

Front 19

e-business

Back 19

-use of digital technology and internet to drive major business processes

Front 20

e-commerce

Back 20

subset of e-business

-buying and selling goods and services through the internet

Front 21

e-government

Back 21

-using internet technology to deliver information and services to citizens, employees, and businesses

Front 22

information systems department

Back 22

formal organizational unit responsible for information technology services

-often headed by chief information officer (CIO)

Front 23

end users

Back 23

-representatives of other departments for whom applications are developed

Front 24

IT Governance

Back 24

-strategies and policies for using IT in the organization

-decision rights and framework for accountability

-organization of information systems function