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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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91.205 VFR Day Equipment Required (Minimum Equipment List (MEL) ) |
Anything required by 91.205 must be operable prior to flight.
Engine Instruments 1) Tach (RPM) 2) Oil pressure gauge 3) Oil temperature gauge 4) CHT Temperature gauge 5) Fuel gauge for each tank
Flight Instruments 6) Altimeter 7) ASI 8) Compass / Magnetic direction indicator. 9) Landing gear position indicator, (if the aircraft has a retractable landing gear.)
People & Safety 10) Beacons/Strobes - anticollision light system. 11) Seat Belts With Shoulder Harnesses (harnesses always on for taxi, T.O., LDG. 12) ELT
Class C Airspace 13) Mode C transponder 14) 2 Way radio
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91.155 VFR Weather Minimums |
Class B 3v, CoC
Class C, D, E, G night (below 10,000) 3v, 1, 5, 2
Class G (day) 1v, 1, 5, 2 Class G (day) Below 1200 AGL 1v, CoC
At or above 10,000 5v, 1, 1, 1mi |
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91.119 Minimum Safe Altitudes/Obstacle Clearance |
Except when necessary for takeoff or landing, no person may operate an aircraft below the following altitudes:
(a) Anywhere. An altitude allowing, if a power unit fails, an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface.
(b) Over congested areas. Over any congested area of a city, town, or settlement, or over any open air assembly of persons, an altitude of 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a horizontal radius of 2,000 feet of the aircraft.
(c) Over other than congested areas. An altitude of 500 feet above the surface, except over open water or sparsely populated areas. In those cases, the aircraft may not be operated closer than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure. |
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91.159 VFR Cruising Altitudes |
Except while holding in a holding pattern of 2 minutes or less, or while turning, each person operating an aircraft under VFR in level cruising flight more than 3,000 feet above the surface shall maintain the appropriate altitude or flight level prescribed below, unless otherwise authorized by ATC:
(a) When operating below 18,000 feet MSL and—
(1) On a magnetic course of zero degrees through 179 degrees, any odd thousand foot MSL altitude +500 feet (such as 3,500, 5,500, or 7,500); or
(2) On a magnetic course of 180 degrees through 359 degrees, any even thousand foot MSL altitude +500 feet (such as 4,500, 6,500, or 8,500).
(b) When operating above 18,000 feet MSL, maintain the altitude or flight level assigned by ATC. |
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91.113 Right of Way |
A balloon has the right-of-way over any other category of aircraft - A glider has the right-of-way over an airship, powered parachute, weight-shift-control aircraft, airplane, or rotorcraft. - An airship has the right-of-way over a powered parachute, weight-shift-control aircraft, airplane, or rotorcraft. However, an aircraft towing or refueling other aircraft has the right-of-way over all other engine-driven aircraft.
In distress. An aircraft in distress has the right-of-way over all other air traffic.
Converging. When aircraft of the same category are converging at approximately the same altitude (except head-on, or nearly so), the aircraft to the other's right has the right-of-way. If the aircraft are of different categories--
Approaching head-on. When aircraft are approaching each other head-on, or nearly so, each pilot of each aircraft shall alter course to the right.
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91.151 Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions |
(a) No person may begin a flight in an airplane under VFR conditions unless (considering wind and forecast weather conditions) there is enough fuel to fly to the first point of intended landing and, assuming normal cruising speed—
(1) During the day, to fly after that for at least 30 minutes; or
(2) At night, to fly after that for at least 45 minutes. |
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How fog forms around here and the marine layer. |
Fog forms here when the temp/dew point come within 5º of each other. |
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Airworthiness |
Flow Pattern Inspections AD's Squaks
Airspace (including MOA's & TFR's) Kind of Ops, Day/Night & IFR/VFR and equip
Preflight of the aircraft Flying without the MEL- 91.213(d) allows certain part 91 operators to fly an aircraft with inoperative instruments or equipment
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AV1ATE |
Annual 100 hour Altimeter / PITOT - 24 calendar months Transponder - 24 calendar months ELT - 12 calendar months |
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CENTRAL - SRN CA Borders |
VBG = Vandenberg AFB |
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NRN - CENTRAL CA Borders |
STS = Sonoma SAC = Sacramento TVL = Lake Tahoe |
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The Five P’s |
Plan Plane Pilot Passengers Programming |
