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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What system is the body's defense against disease causing organisms
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Immune
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List 2 thing the immune system does
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Remove dead or damaged cells
Identify and destroy invaders |
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What are the body's first lines of defense
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Skin
Protective reflexes like sneezing or coughing Mucus, cilia in resp system Killed by saliva or stomach acids |
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What are the body's second lines of defense
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Inflammatory response - white blood cells attack invading organisms
Interferon - substance that "interferes" with virus |
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What are the body's third lines of defense
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Antibodies - proteins to destroy invaders
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What produces antibodies
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Antigens
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What are 2 special white blood cells
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T cells produced in Thymus
B cells produced in Bone marrow |
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What is the function of T cells
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Alert B cells to produce antibodies to fight an invader - this is the time you feel sick
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What is the resistance to a disease-causing organism
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Immunity
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What kind of immunity do you have when your body produces antibodies because you have a disease or are vaccinated against it
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ACTIVE immunity
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What starts the process by which antigens are deliberately introduced into a person to stimulate the immune system
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Vaccination
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Where are antigens gotten for vaccinations
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Made in a lab from killed or weakened disease causing organisms
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When a vaccine is given, what does it do?
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Alert the body's white blood cells to produce antibodies
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List some diseases we have vaccinations for
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Smallpox
Measles Polio Mumps Tetanus |
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What kind of immunity do you get when the antibodies comefrom a source other than yourself
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PASSIVE immunity
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What kind of immunity is it when a mother transfers antibodies to the baby across the placenta
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Passive immunity
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What kind of immunity is it when antibodies are removed from an animal and injected into a person
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Passive immunity
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What results when the immune system is overly sensitive to certain substances
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Allergy
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What are chemicals responsible for the symptoms of allergy - watery eyes, runny nose, sneezing
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Histamines
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What can you do for an allergic reaction
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Avoid allergan
Take antihistamine |
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What does AIDS stand for
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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
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What problems do people with HIV have
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Severe infections
Cancers |
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What does HIV stand for
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Is a person with HIV infectious
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Yes
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What happens to the T cells in HIV
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HIV attacks helper T cells and keeps them from activating the immune system when an infection comes
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What kind of people are most likely to have HIV
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Homosexual and bisexual men
Intravenous drug users Blood transfusions (rare) |
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How is AIDS spread
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Exchange of blood or semen or vaginal fluid from an VIV infected person
(Sex, sharing needles, breast feeding, blood transfusion) |
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What causes diseases
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Micro-organisms:
Bacteria Viruses Protozoa Fungi |
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Some STDs have no symptoms
True or false |
True
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How do you get an STD
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Intimate sexual contact or intercourse
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What do you call a micro-organism that can cause disease
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Pathogen
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Where is the incubation site for STDs
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Sex organs
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Once you have an STD you can't get it again
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False
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List 6 commonly sexually transmitted diseases
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Chlamydia
Gonorrhea Syphilis Genital herpes Venereal warts Pubic lice |
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What STD causes symptoms of discharge from the penis and burning with urination in a male - itchy vagina, and discharge or no symptoms in a female
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Chlamydia
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What is the problem with getting Chlamydia or Gonorrhea
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They can cause sterility
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What STD has 3 stages and begins with a chancre sore then a rash and can lead to death years later
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Syphilis
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What STD is like fever blisters on the penis or vagina. The person carries the infection for life and it can cause cervical cancer
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Genital herpes
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What STD is due to a virus that causes a growth like a reddish, soft, cauliflower
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Genital herpes
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What STD is caused by little tiny animals that feed on human blood and live in moist, hairy spots
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Pubic Lice
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You can kill pubic lice "crabs" with hot water and soap
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False
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Most bacteria are very harmful to humans
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False
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How do bacteria harm the body
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Infect the tissues directly (tuberculosis)
Or by causing disease by producing toxins (Tetanus) |
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What do you call a disease not caused by micro-organism
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Noninfectious disease
(diabetes and cardiovascular disease) |
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Can worry and tension cause illness?
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Yes
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What disease is caused when cells multiply uncontrollably and destroy healthy tissue
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Cancer
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When a single cell or group of cells begins to grow uncontrollably, the mass of tissue that is formed is called a
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Tumor
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What is a tumor that does not spread to surrounding healthy tissue or other parts of the body
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Benign
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What is a tumor that invade and destroy surrounding tissue
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Malignant (cancerous)
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What are some of the common cancers that kill people
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Lung, intestines, breast, pancreas, prostate, stomach, leukemia
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The most common cancer in the US
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Skin cancer from overexposure to UV radiation from sun
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