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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the purpose of the immune system?
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* to protect and defend the body against invasion of microorganisms
* looks for and destroys malignantly changed cells -helps with cancer prevention -immune system not functioning as well when you age. |
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What are 2 types of malfunctions with the immune system?
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* immunodeficiency
* hyperimmune activity |
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What is immunodeficiency?
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infection or malignant disease or both
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What is hyperimmune activity?
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autoimmune disease or hypersensitivity
-destroys cells within the body |
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What is the purpose of proteins protruding through the plasma of the cell?
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-provides as a universal product code.
-recognized as self in host but if introduces to someone else they act as antigens -immune system destroys non-self cells |
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What is the function of Bone marrow with the immune system?
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produces a stem cell that is immature and undifferentiated
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The maturational pathway the stem cell follows depends oon
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-body need
-presence of hormones (cytokines and poietins) |
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what are poietins?
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hormones produced that give messages throughout immune system
-produced by the kidneys -stimulate RBC production |
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What is the difference between mast cells and basophils?
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-they are the same type of cell just found in diff places
-mast cells found in tissue -basophils are found in the blood |
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what is the difference between monocytes and macrophage?
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-they are the same cell just found diff places
-monocytes found in blood -macrophage found in tissue |
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what is the purpose of the immune system?
|
* to protect and defend the body against invasion of microorganisms
* looks for and destroys malignantly changed cells -helps with cancer prevention -immune system not functioning as well when you age. |
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What are 2 types of malfunctions with the immune system?
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* immunodeficiency
* hyperimmune activity |
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What is immunodeficiency?
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infection or malignant disease or both
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What is hyperimmune activity?
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autoimmune disease or hypersensitivity
-destroys cells within the body |
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What is the purpose of proteins protruding through the plasma of the cell?
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-provides as a universal product code.
-recognized as self in host but if introduces to someone else they act as antigens -immune system destroys non-self cells |
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facts about macrophages
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-arise from stem cells and differentiates into monocytes
-monocytes change into macrophages in various tissues mostly liver and spleen -long life span months to years - prevent organisms from taking over the body -go through many phagositic events |
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Functions of macrophages
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-immediate inflammatory response
-phagocytosis -promotes cells growth |
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immediate inflammatory response
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redness
swelling pain |
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Facts about basophils
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-rarest leukocyte
-arise from stem cells after short maturation period -cause S & S of inflammation -release vasoactive chemicals that act on blood vessels -cause vascular leak syndrome |
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facts about eosinophils
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-arise from stem cells of bone marrow
-contain vasoactive chemicals -only 1-2% of total WBC -not effective phagocytes- act against infestation of parasitic larvae -produce inflammation and degrade vasoactive chemicals |
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phagocytosis
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-leukocytes engulf invaders and destroy them by enzymatic degradation
-most efficient are the neutrophils and macrophages |
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sequence of inflammation stage 1
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changes in blood vessels; initially constriction then hyperemia and edema due to effects of histamine
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sequence of inflammation stage 2
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formation of exudate
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sequence of inflammation stage 3
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tissue repair and replacement
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Antibody mediated immunity
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-very specific
-antigen antibody actions -antibodies formed by sensitized B-lymphocytes neutralize or destroy antigens -macrophage and t-lymphocytes work together to bring antigen to b-lymphocyte |
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Seven steps to form antibodies
AMI |
-exposure to an antigen
-antigen recognition -lymphocyte sensitization -antibody production and release -antigen-antibody binding -antibody binding reactions -sustained immunity-memory |
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What are 2 other names of antibodies
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-immunoglobins
-gamma globulins |
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innate immunity
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genetically determined
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acquired immunity
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adaptive immunity in response to invasion of foreign proteins
-can be natural or artificial -can be passive or active |
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natural active immunity
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you personally had disease
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natural passive immunity
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-baby to mother
-only temporary |
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active acquired immunity
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-given pieces or inactivated virus
-recognize non self cells B cells start to produce antibodies against organism -takes 2 to 3 weeks to produce antibodies |
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Acquired passive immunity
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antibodies from injection
-takes 3 to 5 weeks |
