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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Explain the binomial system, that was introduced by the Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus. |
The binomial nomenclature consists of two words. The first is the genus name. The second is the species or specific name. The genus name begins with an upper-case (capital) letter and the species name with a lower-case (small) letter. |
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What is a genus? |
A group of species that share certain characteristics. |
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What does the word taxon mean? |
A group of something. |
The word is Greek. |
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What are species arranged or classified into? |
A genus. |
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What are genera (the plural of genus) grouped into? |
Families. |
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What are families grouped into? |
Orders. |
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What are orders grouped into? |
Classes. |
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What are the three domains? |
Eubacteria, Archea and Eukaryota. |
There are three categories. Just 'prokaryotes' is not enough! |
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Are viruses classified in any of the domains |
No. |
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What is the principal taxa for classifying eukaryotes? |
kingdom phylum class order family genus species |
There are seven. |
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What are the four kingdoms of eukaryota recognised by most biologists? |
plants animals fungi protoctista |
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What is natural classification? |
The genus and accompanying higher taxa consist of all species that have evolved from one common ancestral species. |
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Give an example of an unnatural/artificial classification. |
Birds, bats and insects grouped together, because they all fly. Flight evolved separately in these groups and as they do not share a common ancestor they differ in many ways. |
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What are two advantages of natural classification? |
1. Identification of species is easier. 2. Predictions can be made of the characteristics of species within a group, because all of the members in that group have evolved from a common ancestral species. |
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What are dichotomous keys? |
A key that consists of a numbered series of pairs of descriptions. One of these matches the species and the other should clearly be wrong. Each pair of descriptions leads either to another of the numbered pairs of descriptions in the key, or to an identification. |
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Name the four main plant phyla. |
Bryophyta - mosses Filicinophyta - ferns Coniferophyta - conifers Angiospermophyta - flowering plants |
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Give six animal phyla. |
Porifera - sponges Cnidaria - jellyfish Platyhelminthes - flatworms Mollusca - snails Annelida - leeches Arhtropoda - insects |
Hints: Pores Radial Flat Molly Ludmila Legs |
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What are vertebrates? |
Organisms that have a backbone composed of vertebrae. |
Birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles and fish. |
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True or false: The binomial system of names for species is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses. |
This is true. |
Understanding (book). |
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True or false: When species are discovered they are given scientific names using the binomial system. |
True. |
Understanding (book). |
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True or false: Taxonomists classify species using a hierarchy of taxa. |
True. |
Understanding (book). |
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True or false: All organisms are classified into two domains. |
False. They are classified into three domains. |
Understanding (book). |
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Put these in the right order, from large to small: phylum, species, class, kingdom, family, order, genus |
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species |
Understanding (book). |
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True or false: In a natural classification, the genus and accompanying lower taxa consist of all the species that have evolved from one common ancestral species. |
False, n a natural classification, the genus and accompanying higher taxa consist of all the species that have evolved from one common ancestral species. |
Understanding (book). |
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True or false: Taxonomists sometimes reclassify groups of species when new evidence shows that a previous taxon contains species that have evolved from different ancestral species. |
True. |
Understanding (book). |
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True or false: Natural classifications help in identification of species and allow the prediction of characteristics shared by species within a group. |
True. |
Understanding (book). |
