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11 Cards in this Set

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Function of penstock

* Transfer water from the reservoir or forbay to the turbine.

Characteristics of penstock

* Close to power house


* Slope of penstock is very steep.


* Water Pressure is very high

C S W

Types of penstock

According to location of arrangement


- Surface penstock- Exposed to environment.


- Underground penstock- Buried Underground.


- Penstock inside dam: Buried in dam.



According to different materials


- Steel penstock


- Polyester material tube


- Reinforce concrete materials

S U P. S P R

Water supply way of penstock

Unit water supply way


Each penstock is supplied with water separately for each turbine.



● Centralized water supply way


A major penstock are supplied water for multiple turbines.



Combination water supply way

U C C

Unit water supply way

Advantages. Disadvantage


* Simple structure. * Expensive


* Flexible operation



Application


* Shorter penstock


* Larger generating discharge

Centralized water supply way

Advantages.


* Save cost



Disadvantage


* Complex structure.


* Infexible operation



Application


* Longer penstock


* Smaller generating discharge

Surface penstock

Advantages. Disadvantage


*Low cost * Easy to rust


* Easy to repair and install * Geological disaster


Components of surface penstock

Diameter calculations

Thickness calculations(Q & A)

Thickness calculations