Human Behavior

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intimacy

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the capacity to experience an open, tender, supportive relationship with another person, without fear of losing one's own identity in the process of growing close.

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isolation

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when people resist intimacy continually erect barriers between themselves and others.

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generativity

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involves a concern with and interest in establishing and guiding the next generation; involves a willingness to care about the people and the things that one has produced.

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stagnation

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indicates a lack of psychological movement or growth; adults that have difficulty looking beyond their own needs or experiences satisfaction in taking care of others.

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socializing versus sexualizing in human relationships

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middle-aged adults redefine the men and women in their lives so that they value them as individuals, friends, and companions, rather than primarily sex objects.

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valuing wisdom versus valuing physical powers

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well-adjusted middle-aged adults are aware that the wisdom they now have more than compensates for decreases in stamina, physical strength, and youthful actractibeness.

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emotional flexibility versus emotional impoverishment

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middle-aged adults are apt to experience breaking of relationships due to the death of friends, parents, and other relatives and the growing independence of children and their moving out of the home.

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mental flexibility versus mental rigidity

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some middle-aged adults stop seeking new info and ideas and become set in their ways and closed to new ideas; others use their prior experiences and answers they've already arrived at as provisional guides to the solution of new issues.

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life structure

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the underlying pattern or design of a person's life at a given time.

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4 Stages of Life Shaping According to Levinson

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1.preadulthood

2.early adulthood

3.middle adulthood

4.late adulthood

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"dream"

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part of early adulthood; men often have a dream of their, which is usually viewed in terms of a career.

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"mentor"

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part of early adulthood; a man's success is strongly influenced by a mentor.

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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

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physiological, belongingness & love, self-esteem, self-actualization.

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self-actualization

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people identify their abilities, they strive to develop them, and to feel good as they become themselves and to be beneficial to society.

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emotional intelligence

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the ability to recognize and deal with one's own feelings as well as the feelings of others.

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social intellligence

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the ability to understand and manage men and women, boys and girls, to act wisely in human relations; this definition is equivalent to interpersonal intelligence; original definition by Edward Thorndike.

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intimate zone

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begins w/ skin surface and goes out about 18 inches; we generally let only people w eare emotionally very close to enter this boundary.

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personal zone

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ranges from about 18 inches to approximately four feet; this is the distance at which couples stand in public.

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social zone

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ranges from about four feet to about 12 feet; business communications are frequently exchanged in this zone.

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public zone

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runs outward from 12 feet; teachers and publice speakers often use a distance of 12 to 18 feet from their audience.

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territoriality

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behavior characterized by identification w/ an area in such a way as to indicate ownership and defense of this territory against those who may invade it.

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choice theory

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we carry around pictures in our heads, both of what reality is like and of how we would like it to be.

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"pictures"

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Glasser means perceptions from our five senses.

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signal

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whenever the picture we see and the one we want to see differ, a _____________ generated by this difference leads us to behave in a way that will obtain the picture we want.

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Glasser's Five Basic Innate Needs

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survival, love&belonging, power, freedom, fun.

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internal control psychology

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asserts that we choose everything we do.

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external control psychology

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attempting to coerce or control other objects by nagging, preaching, moralizing, criticizing, or using put-down messages.

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drug

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any habit forming substance that directly affects the brain and nervous system.

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drug abuse

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the regular or excessive use of a drug when, as defined by a group, the consequences endanger relationships w/ other people, are detrimental to a person's health, or jeporadize society itself.

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depressant drugs

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those that slow down bodily functioning and activity.

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cirrhosis

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alcohol over an extended period of time destroy liver cells and replaces the celss w/ scar tissue, when the scar tissue is extensive this occurs.

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synergistic interaction

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two drugs taken together, interact to produce an effect much greater than either would cause alone.

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antagonistic response

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one drug negates the effects of the other.

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barbiturates

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type of drepessant drug; commonly used to relieve insomnia and anxiety.

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tranquilizers

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type of depressant; reduce anxiety, relax muscles, and are sedatives.

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quaalude

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it has a reputation as a love drug, users believe it makes them more eager for sex; reduces anxiety and gives a feeling of euphoria.

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stimulants

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substances that produce a temporary increase in a person's activity level or efficiency.

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caffeine

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a stimulant to the central nervous system; present in coffee and tea.

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amphetamines

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type of stimulant; often called "uppers due to their stimulating affect.

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hyperactivty

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characterized by a short attention span, extensive motor activity, restlessness, and mood shifts; Ritalin calms in children not adults.

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cocaine

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a powerful stimulant and antifatigue agent; not a narcotic.

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crack

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highly addictive; looks like large crystals?

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amyl nitrate

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prescribed for patients who aren't in risk of certain forms of heart failure; creates high heart rate and feeling of mental and physical excitation.

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butyl nitrate

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similar feelings as amyl nitrate when sniffed.

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narcotics

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sleep-inducing drugs;more accurately called analgesics-pain killers; opiates like heroin, opium, and morphine.

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hallucinogens

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these drugs distort the user's perceptions, creating hallucinations consisting of sensory impressions of sights and sounds that do not exist.

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phencyclidine (PCP)

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developed as an anesthetic; symptoms of severe emotional disturbance; used legally today to tranquilize elephants and monkeys.

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ecstasy

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similar to a stimulant and a hallucinogen, produces both stimulant and psychedelic affects.

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tobacco

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has become one of the most dangerous drug habits in the U.S.; can cause emphysema, cancer of the mouth, ulcers, and lung cancer.

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marijuana

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may induce many emotions; usually smoked (hasish)

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anabolic steroids

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synthetic male hormones, derivitaives of testosterone.

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dependence

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a tendency or craving for the repeated use or compulsive use of a chemical.

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addiction

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an intense craving for a drug that develops after a period of heavy use.

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biological theories

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assert that physiological changes produced by drugs eventually generate an irresistible craving for the drug.

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behavioral theories

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hold that people use drugs because they find them pleasurable and continue to use them because doing so prevents withdrawal distress.

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interactionist theories

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maintain that drug use is learned from interaction w/ others in our culture.

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the end

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bye