Hormones

Front 1

GLUCAGON

Back 1

SOURCE: Pancreas
Alpha Cells in Islets

TARGET: Primarily Liver, Adipose cells

ACTION: Increased breakdown of glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis) and release of glucose into the blood. Increased formation of glucose (glyconeogenesis) from amino acids and from some fats. Increased metabolism of fatty acids, resulting in more ketones in the blood.

Front 2

INSULIN

Back 2

SOURCE: Pancreas
Beta Cells in Islets

TARGET: Especially liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue

ACTION: Increased uptake and use of glucose and amino acids, glycogen synthesis, increase use of glucose for energy (glycolysis)

Front 3

OXYTOCIN

Back 3

SOURCE: Posterior Pituitary (Neurohypophysis)

TARGET: Uterus, mammary glands

ACTION: Increased uterine contractions, increased milk expulsion from mammary glands

Front 4

PROLACTIN

Back 4

SOURCE: Anterior Pituitary
(Adenohypophysis)

TARGET: Ovaries and mammary glands in females

ACTION: Milk production in lactating women, increased response of follicle to LH and FSH

Front 5

FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)

Back 5

SOURCE: Anterior Pituitary
(Adenohypophysis)

TARGET: Follicles in ovaries in females, seniniferous tubules in males

ACTION: Follicle maturation and estrogen secretion in ovaries, sperm cell production in testes

Front 6

THYROID-STIMULATION HORMONE (TSH)

Back 6

SOURCE: Anterior Pituitary
(Adenohypophysis)

TARGET: Thyroid gland

ACTION: Increased thyroid hormone secretion

Front 7

ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC (ACTH)

Back 7

SOURCE: Anterior Pituitary
(Adenohypophysis)

TARGET: Adrenal Cortex

ACTION: Increased glucocorticoid hormone secretion

Front 8

EPINEPHRINE

Back 8

SOURCE: Adrenal Medulla
80 % of the hormone

TARGET: Heart, blood vessels, liver, adipose cells

ACTION: Increased cardiac output, increased blood flow to skeletal muscles and to the heart, vascoconstriction of blood vessels, epecially in the viscera and skin, increased release of glucose and fatty acids into the blood. in general, preparation for physical activity