Hormones

Front 1

how do neurotransmitters and hormones exert their effects?

Back 1

by binding to receptors on
or in their target cells

Front 2

true or false:
some neurotransmitters are also hormones

Back 2

true

Front 3

which type of glands secrete their hormones into
ducts that carry secretions into body cavities,
or into the lumen of an organ

Back 3

exocrine glands

Front 4

what are the types of exocrine glands

Back 4

sudoriferous
sebaceous
mucous
digestive

Front 5

which type of glands secrete their hormone into
the interstitial fluid rather than into ducts.
The hormones then diffuse into capillaries
and blood carries them away.

Back 5

endocrine glands

Front 6

what 3 things regulate hormone secretion?

Back 6

signals from the nervous system
chemical changes in the blood
other hormones

Front 7

what does the hypothalamus do in hormone activity?

Back 7

synthesizes hormones which regulate the
anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary

Front 8

what does the pituitary
gland consist of?

Back 8

anterior lobe
posterior lobe

Front 9

what is the adenohypophysis

Back 9

anterior pituitary gland

Front 10

what is the neurohypophysis

Back 10

posterior pituitary gland

Front 11

what 2 hormones are stored in the
posterior pituitary and are
synthesized in the hypothalamus?

Back 11

anti diuretic hormone (ADH)
oxytocin

Front 12

what do the adrenal
glands consist of ?

Back 12

adrenal medulla
adrenal cortex

Front 13

what does the adrenal medulla synthesize?

Back 13

epinephrine
norepinephrine

Front 14

what does the adrenal cortex synthesize?

Back 14

androgens (sex hormones)

Front 15

the cells of the pancreas synthesize
what 2 main hormones?

Back 15

insulin
glucagon

Front 16

what does the pineal gland secrete?

Back 16

melatonin (which signals us
to wake or sleep)

Front 17

what is the hormone that increases
the numbers of red blood cell precursors?

Back 17

erythropoietin

Front 18

what are the 2 main types of stress

Back 18

eustress
distress

Front 19

what is eustress

Back 19

stress that improves performance

Front 20

what is distress

Back 20

stress that hinders performance

Front 21

which hormone stimulates secretion
of glucocorticoids (mainly cortisol)
by the adrenal cortex?

Back 21

ACTH
(adrenocorticotropic hormone
or corticotropin)

Front 22

which hormone has the adrenal
cortex as its primary target tissue?

Back 22

ACTH
(adrenocorticotropic hormone
or corticotropin)

Front 23

which hormone has the brain as its
primary target tissue?

Back 23

MSH
(melanocyte stimulating hormone)

Front 24

which hormone stimulates secretion
of estrogens and progesterone,
and ovulation in females?

Back 24

LH
(luteinizing hormone)

Front 25

which hormone stimulates testes
to produce testosterone?

Back 25

LH
(luteinizing hormone)

Front 26

which hormone initiates development
of oocytes and induces
ovarian secretion of estrogens?

Back 26

FSH
(follicle stimulating hormone)

Front 27

which hormone stimulates
testes to produce sperm?

Back 27

FSH
(follicle stimulating hormone)

Front 28

which hormone stimulates the liver, muscle,
cartilage, bone, and other tissues
to synthesize and secrete insulin-like
growth factors?

Back 28

hGH
(human growth hormone
or somatotropin)

Front 29

what is another name for
somatotropin (hormone) ?

Back 29

hGH
(human growth hormone)

Front 30

which hormone promotes growth of
body cells, protein synthesis, tissue repair,
lipolysis, and elevation of
blood glucose concentration?

Back 30

hGH
(human growth hormone)

Front 31

which hormone helps to promote
milk secretion by the mammary glands?

Back 31

PRL
(prolactin)

Front 32

what does the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) do?

Back 32

causes kidneys to return more water to
the blood, thus decreasing urine volume

anti = against
ouresis = urination
(decrease urine production)

Front 33

which hormone enhances contraction of
smooth muscle cells in the wall of the
uterus and stimulates milk ejection
(let-down) from the mammary glands?

Back 33

oxytocin

Front 34

what is hGH and where does it originate?

Back 34

human growth hormone
from the anterior pituitary

Front 35

where does oxytocin originate?

Back 35

posterior pituitary

Front 36

what is TSH and where does it originate?

Back 36

thyroid stimulating hormone
from the anterior pituitary

Front 37

where does the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) originate?

Back 37

posterior pituitary

Front 38

what is FSH and where does it originate?

Back 38

follicle stimulating hormone
from the anterior pituitary

Front 39

what is LH and where does it originate?

Back 39

luteinizing hormone
from the anterior pituitary

Front 40

what is PRL and where does it originate?

Back 40

prolactin
from the anterior pituitary

Front 41

what is ACTH and where does it originate?

Back 41

adrenocorticotropic hormone
from the anterior pituitary

Front 42

what is another name for ACTH?
and where does it originate?

Back 42

adrenocorticotropic hormone
or corticotropin
from the anterior pituitary

Front 43

what is MSH and where does it originate?

Back 43

melanocyte-stimulating hormone
from the anterior pituitary

Front 44

where is the thyroid gland located?

Back 44

inferior to the larynx (voice box)

Front 45

where is calcitonin produced?

Back 45

thyroid gland

Front 46

how does calcitonin work?

Back 46

it decreases the level of calcium in
the blood by inhibiting the action of osteoclasts

Front 47

where are the adrenal glands located?

Back 47

one superior to each kidney

Front 48

what secretes glucagon to increase
blood glucose when it falls below normal?

Back 48

the Alpha or "A" cells
in the pancreas

Front 49

what secretes insulin to lower
the blood glucose level?

Back 49

the Beta or "B" cells
from the pancreas

Front 50

what are the 4 types of hormone-secreting
cells found in the pancreas?

Back 50

A = Alpha
B = Beta
D = Delta
F cells

Front 51

what are the 4 ovarian/testes hormones?

Back 51

estrogen & progesterone
testosterone
relaxin
inhibin

Front 52

what does the hormone inhibin do?

Back 52

inhibits secretion of FSH from the anterior pituitary
(both male & female)

Front 53

where is the pineal gland?

Back 53

attached to the roof of the third ventricle of the brain

Front 54

what does the pineal gland secrete?

Back 54

melatonin

Front 55

where is the thymus located?

Back 55

behind the sternum

Front 56

what is the "role" of the thymus?

Back 56

immunity

Front 57

where is the "fight or flight" response initiated?

Back 57

in the hypothalamus

Front 58

diabetes insipidus is treated naturally
in the body by which hormone?

Back 58

ADH
(anti-diuretic hormone)

Front 59

where is the pituitary gland located?

Back 59

in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone

Front 60

which part of the nervous system
regulates the activity of smooth muscle,
cardiac muscles, and glands?

Back 60

ANS
(autonomic nervous system)