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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Autotroph |
An organism that produces its own nutrients from inorganic substances or from the environment instead of consuming other organisms |
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Photosynthesis |
The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen |
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Heterotroph |
Animals and other organisms that must get energy from food instead of directly from sunlight or inorganic substances are called |
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Light Reactions |
Stage of photosynthesis in which light energy is converted to chemical energy, which is temporarily stored in ATP and the energy carrier molecule NADPH |
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Chloroplast |
Organelles found in the cells of plants and algae |
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Thylakoid |
A system of membranes that are arranged as flattened sacs |
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Granum |
A stack of thylakoids |
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Stroma |
A solution that surrounds the grana |
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Pigment |
Compounds that absorb light |
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Chlorophyll |
A green pigment that is present in most plant cells, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that reacts with sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to form carbohydrates |
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Carotenoid |
A class of pigments that are present in the thylakoid membranes of plants and that aid in photosynthesis |
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Photosystem |
A cluster of pigment molecules and the proteins that the pigment molecules are embedded in |
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Primary Electron Acceptor |
The acceptor of the electrons lost from chlorophyll a is a molecules in the thylakoid membrane |
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Electron Transport Chain |
A series of molecules located in the thylakoid membrane |
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Chemiosmosis |
In chloroplasts and mitochondria, a process in which the movement of protons down their concentration gradient across a membrane is coupled to the synthesis of ATP |
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Calvin Cycle |
A series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions that produces a three-carbon sugar |
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Carbon Fixation |
The incorporation of CO2 into organic compounds |
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Stoma |
One of many openings in a leaf or a stem of a plant that enable gas exchange to occur |
