Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Bernardo de Galvez |
A Spaniard who provided weapons, gunpowder and other supplies for the Continental Army |
|
|
Wentworth Cheswell |
An African American who rode to New Hampshire to warn the British were coming |
|
|
Articles of Confederation |
Winning the American Revolution, passing the Northwest Ordinance, and the Land Ordinance were successes under the? |
|
|
ally |
Forming a friendship or partnership with another nation |
|
|
James Armistead |
An African American who worked as a "double-agent" for the United States during the American Revolution |
|
|
1776 |
The year the Declaration of Independence was adopted - stated that the 13 colonies were a free and independent nation |
|
|
1787 |
The year of the Philadelphia Convention which was called to revise the Articles of Confederation; wrote a new constitution |
|
|
Proclamation of 1763 |
Stated that Americans could NOT move west of the Appalachian Mountains |
|
|
Sugar Act |
Tax on sugar and other products shipped to the colonies; raise revenue to help pay for the French and Indian War (1764) |
|
|
Stamp Act |
Tax on documents and other paper items; direct tax (1765) |
|
|
Parliament |
Americans believed that England could not tax them because the colonies had no representative in ? |
|
|
Sons of Liberty |
Organized to protest the British taxes |
|
|
John Peter Zenger |
Trial that led to freedom of the press |
|
|
Navigation Act |
Laws passed by Parliament to enforce Mercantilism |
|
|
Townshend Acts |
Tax on glass, lead, paint, etc (1767) |
|
|
Boston Massacre |
Crispus Attucks and 4 others were killed by British troops; Paul Revere made a wood carving showing the American view of what happened (1770) |
|
|
Boston Tea Party, tarring and feathering of tax collectors |
An example of how the Americans protested unfair taxes during the Colonial Era |
|
|
Intollerable Acts |
Passed to punish the colonies for the Boston Tea Party |
|
|
1st Continental Congress |
First colonial effort to act together to protest English policies; met in response to the Intolerable Acts (1774) |
|
|
Samuel Adams |
Leader of the Boston Sons of Liberty; organized the Committees of Correspondence |
|
|
King George III |
King of England during the American Revolution |
|
|
loyalists |
Supported the King during the American Revolution |
|
|
patriots |
Supported the rebels during the American Revolution |
|
|
Thomas Paine |
Wrote Common Sense, explaining why Americans should split from England; England is too far away to rule us (1776) |
|
|
Declaration of Independence |
Mostly written by Thomas Jefferson; declared that the 13 colonies were a free and independent nation; explained why we were rebelling (1776) |
|
|
Abigail Adams |
An early proponent of women's rights; urged her husband to "remember the ladies" in the Declaration of Independence |
|
|
unalienable rights |
Rights that cannot be taken away; listed in the Declaration of Independence as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness |
|
|
Articles of Confederation |
First blueprint for the new American government; formed a loose alliance of 13 independent states; only had one branch (legislative) and did not have power to tax. |
|
|
Lexington and Concord |
First battle of the American Revolution; took place in Massachusetts; Paul Revere made his famous ride. |
|
|
Saratoga |
The turning point of the American Revolution; this win convinced France to help us |
|
|
Yorktown |
Last major battle of the American Revolution. Cornwallis surrendered to George Washington in Virginia |
|
|
George Washington |
Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army |
|
|
Ben Franklin |
Urged the French to support the Americans during the American Revolution; helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris, 1783 |
|
|
Treaty of Paris, 1783 |
Ended the American Revolution; set the western boundary at the Mississippi River |
|
|
Northwest Ordinance |
Passed by the Confederation Congress; established the pattern by which the rest of the West would be settled; required 60,000 people in a territory before it could apply for statehood (1787) |
|
|
Shay's Rebellion |
Uprising by farmers in Massachusetts; led to the calling of the Philadelphia Convention (1787) |
|
|
Constitutional Convention |
Called to revise the Articles of Confederation; wrote a new constitution; tried to balance the rights of the individual with the need for a strong national government |
|
|
Virginia Plan |
Plan that called for two houses in Congress, both based on the states' population; large state plan |
|
|
New Jersey Plan |
Plan that called for one house in Congress, with each state having equal representation; small state plan |
|
|
Great Compromise |
Agreement that called for a Senate of equal representation and a House of Representatives based on population; saved the convention |
|
|
Three-Fifths Compromise |
Agreement to count a portion of the slaves for taxation and representation |
|
|
James Madison |
Father of the US Constitution |
|
|
federalists |
Favored ratification of the new Constitution; wanted a strong national government |
|
|
anti-federalists |
Against ratification unless a Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution |
|
|
Federalists Papers |
Articles written by John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton in support of ratification of the new Constitution |
|
|
Patrick Henry |
Governor of Virginia; opposed ratification of the Constitution; known for his quote during the American Revolution "Give me liberty or give me death" |
|
|
ratify/ratification |
Official approval |
|
|
opposed |
Against |
|
|
George Mason & Patrick Henry |
Known Anti-Federalists |
|
|
Bill of Rights |
The first 10 amendments of the Constitution of 1787; guarantee individual rights |
|
|
popular sovereignty |
"We the people"; the people rule (principle) |
|
|
republicanism |
Citizens elect representatives to make laws and run the government (principle) |
|
|
federalism |
A system of government in which power is shared between a central government and states (principle) |
|
|
Separation of Power |
Division of central power into three branches of government; legislative (Congress), executive (president), judicial (court system) (principle) |
|
|
individual rights |
Guaranteed by the US Bill of Rights (principle) |
|
|
checks and balances |
How each branch exercises control over the other two branches (principle) |
|
|
limited government |
No one is above the law; rule of law (principle) |
|
|
amendment |
A change to the US Constitution is called a/an ? |
|
|
Constitution of 1787 |
The supreme law of the land |
|
|
2/3 Congress |
Who can propose a change to the Constitution? |
|
|
3/4 states |
Who must approve a change to the Constitution? |
|
|
John Peter Zenger |
A trial during colonial times that promoted the idea of freedom of the press (1735) |
|
|
Constitution of 1787 |
Grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence were addressed by this document |
|
|
Amendment 1 |
Listed 5 freedoms - press, religion, speech, assembly and petition (amendment) |
|
|
Amendment 2 |
The right to bear arms (amendment) |
|
|
Amendment 4 |
No illegal searches or seizures (amendment)
|
|
|
Amendment 5 |
Due process of law; right to remain silent (amendment) |
|
|
Amendment 6 |
Right to a speedy trial by jury and an attorney (amendment) |
|
|
freedom of speech |
Ensures that people are allowed to hold whatever opinions they want; people are allowed to criticize the government (right) |
|
|
freedom of press |
Makes sure that the workings of the government are known to everybody (right) |
