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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 types of early photographic processes |
1. Daguerrotype: small, metal, unique object 2. Tintype: cheaper metal alternative to Dag. 3. Carte-de-vistre 4. Calotype: paper negative, reproducible, poor quality, over-patented (prevented popular use) |
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DAGUERRE |
French documented changing Paris invented daguerrotype (with others) - French gov't gave technology away for free |
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Henry Fox Talbot |
English inventor of calotype - imposed restrictive patents inspired by camera obscura-based sketching |
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Julia Margaret Cameron |
calotype photographed leading figures of her salons - often in costume, TABLEAU |
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Romanticism / pre-Raphaelite |
reaction to industrialization - dark Satanic mills nostalgic, return to nature (harmonious) precursor to modernism return to classical imagery & mythology reaction to flattening nature of photography |
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EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY |
1. usurped traditional representational practices 2. extended colonial reach 3. established visual "scientific" metric (realism) 4. democratized individual, institutional history |
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Instrumental photography |
1. created new forms of picture making 2. mapped new territories 3. enforced cultural, political mores 4. visually rationalized colonial excursions - manifest destiny, British colonization of India, China, PHOTOGRAPHY AS SOFT WEAPON |
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Civil War photography |
Mathew Brady, Timothy O'Sullivan, Alexander Gardner no frontline work - exposures too long cannon balls, bodies creating scenes for added drama |
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Classical depictions of nature |
William Henry Jackson, Carlton Watkins nature as conquerable figures placed in frame for scale immersive harmonious SENSE OF PLACE |
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Romantic depictions of nature |
Edward Muybridge photo should rival nature NOT harmonious, awe-inspiring chaotic, harsh, dramatic proto-Modernist vision split b/w foreground + background |
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Documentary photography |
1. indexical 2. lyrical : using ph's elusive objectivity to enhance a fiction Farm Security Administration - document federal gov't employment efforts - Walker Evans |
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Tableau |
often created using multiple photos (montage) moral lesson |
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MODERNISM |
Dadaism, Surrealism, Futurism, New Objectivism, Cubism, development of psychology 1890s - 1918 - First Modernist Era WWI transforms Europe into modern continent |
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ART NOUVEAU |
movement mean to humanize all new materials |
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Bauhaus |
collage art school in Germany photograms architecture, typography better life through design utopian endeavor |
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PICTORIALISM |
tableau style with realistic flavor "Good Joke" by Alfred Stieglitz creation of photo rather than simply recording provoke emotion in viewer |
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Alfred Stieglitz |
Photo-Secessionists - carry over from Victorian era pictorials 291 Gallery wanted photo to be perceived as art 1. experimental photographer 2. cultural impresario (curator, Camera Work) 3. artist (cloud photos) |
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STRAIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY |
Paul Strand high contrast, sharp focus play up the qualities that differentiate photo from other mediums (particularly painting) |
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AMERICAN MODERNISM |
essence - form, beauty of all things deeply Romantic Ansel Adams, Aaron Siskind, Edward Weston |
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REPORTAGE |
Robert Capa, Henri Cartier-Bresson (Magnum, decisive moment) war photography (Capa), concerned ph humanistic, documentary Leica - handheld camera ph as call to action, change hearts/minds Magazines as vehicle for spread of images |
