History: Midterms

Front 1

Government is derived from the latin word _________ meaning _______ and _________ meaning ______

Back 1

Gubernaculum - rudder

Gubernacre - steer, direct or control

Front 2

The political direction and control exercised over the actions of the members, citizens, or inhabitants of communities, societies, and states.

Back 2

Government

Front 3

Direction of the affairs of a state orcommunity.

Back 3

Government

Front 4

The form or system of rule by which a state or community is governed.

Back 4

Government

Front 5

The governing body of persons.

Back 5

Government

Front 6

Branch or service of the supreme authority of a state or nation.

Back 6

Government

Front 7

2 functions of a Government

Back 7

Constituent function

Ministrant function

Front 8

Funcrtion of government that constitute the bond of society, and are therefore, compulsory such as keeping order and providing protection of persons and property

Back 8

Constituent function

Front 9

Function of a government that those undertaken by way of advancing the general interest of society, and are therefore, optional such as public works, public education and public health.

Back 9

Ministrant function

Front 10

FORMS OF GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO NUMBER OF PERSON EXERCISING SOVEREIGN POWERS

Back 10

Monarchy

Aristocracy/Oligarchy

Democracy

Front 11

Form of government where the supreme power or authority is in the hands of a single individual or person

Back 11

Monarchy

Front 12

The word “monarchy” comes from the Greek term ________, meaning ______ , and ________, meaning _______ .

Back 12

monos - single

arkhein - rule

Front 13

Give examples of countries that exercise monarchy

Back 13

Swaziland, Britain, Lesotho, and others

Front 14

In traditional monarchies, the supreme power of the state was vested in the ________. Monarchs base their powers on the doctrine of _____________________.

Back 14

monarch

“the divine right of Kings"

Front 15

This doctrine claims that the monarch ruled directly through God’s will. Monarchs, therefore, have always had absolute power

Back 15

Monarchy

Front 16

During the 17 th and 18th Centuries, many countries in ________ and _______ were ruled by absolute monarchs.

Back 16

Europe

Africa

Front 17

2 classifications of Monarchy

Back 17

1. Absolute monarchy

2. Limited/Constitutional monarchy

Front 18

Classification of Monarchy that the ruler rules by devine rights

Back 18

Absolute monarchy

Front 19

Classification of Monarchy that the ruler rules in accordance within limits set by the Constitution

Back 19

Limited or Constitutional Monarchy

Front 20

Form of Government which a governing body or upper class usually made up of a hereditary nobility

Back 20

Aristocracy/Oligarchy

Front 21

It is also knows as Oligarchy

Back 21

Aristocracy

Front 22

Only a handful exercise power or rule of a few

Back 22

Aristocracy

Front 23

Rule by the best. Members of the upper class.

Back 23

Aristocracy

Front 24

The right arises from the fact of birth, wealth, or wisdom.

Back 24

Aristocracy

Front 25

A form of a government which is the rule of the many, wherein, the government of the people by the people or the people

Back 25

Democracy

Front 26

the government of the people ____ the people ____ the people

Back 26

By

Or

Front 27

Democracy means -

It is derived from the 2 greek word-

Meaning

Back 27

The rule of the people

Demos - the people

Kratos - Rule

Front 28

2 classification of Democracy and their meaning

Back 28

1. Pure democracy - people govern themselves directly

2. Indirect democracy - people govern through chosen representative/s

Front 29

people govern themselves directly

Back 29

Pure democracy

Front 30

people govern through chosen representative/s

Back 30

Indirect democracy

Front 31

3 branches of government

Back 31

Executive

Legislative

Judicial

Front 32

carries out and enforces laws.

composed of the President and the Vice President, the cabinet, executivedepartments, independent agencies, and other boards, commissions, and committees

Back 32

Executive

Front 33

authorized to make, alter, and repeallaws or bills.

composed of the Senate, also known as the upper house, and the House of Representatives known to many as the lower house.

Back 33

Legislative or Congress

Front 34

evaluates and interprets the meaning of laws, applies to laws to individual cases, and decides if laws violate the Constitution. Composed of the judges and justices appointed by the president, Chief Justice, and the fourteen Associate Justices.

Back 34

Judicial

Front 35

Back 35

Monarchy

Front 36

Back 36

Aristocracy

Front 37

FORMS OF GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO THE MANNER OF INSTITUTING OFFICIALS AND THE NATURE OF OFFICIAL TENURE

Back 37

Elective

Hereditary

Front 38

FORMS OF GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO THE MANNER OF INSTITUTING OFFICIALS AND THE NATURE OF OFFICIAL TENURE where the representative are chosen by the popular will of the people.

Back 38

Elective

Front 39

FORMS OF GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO THE MANNER OF INSTITUTING OFFICIALS AND THE NATURE OF OFFICIAL TENURE where the transfer or honor and political title is through inheritance.

Back 39

Hereditary

Front 40

4 types of elective

Back 40

General election

National election

Local election

Special election

Front 41

held for the purpose of electing national and local officials simultaneously (Pangkalahatang eleksyon from president to pinaka mababang position)

Back 41

General Election

Front 42

Conducted to elect the President, Vice President, and members of the Congress.

Back 42

National Election

Front 43

held for purpose of selecting officials in the regions, provinces, cities, and municipalities.

Back 43

Local Election

Front 44

held on a date different from that of regular elections.

Back 44

Special Election

Front 45

FORM OF GOVERNMENT AS TO ITS LEGALITY OR CONSTITUTIONALITY

Back 45

De Jure Government

De Facto Government

Front 46

government of right; the legal and legitimate government of a state and recognized by other states but which actually cut off from power or control

Back 46

De Jure government

Front 47

government which unlawfully gets the possession and control of the rightful and legal government and maintain itself there by force and arms

Back 47

De facto Government

Front 48

FORM OF GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO CONCENTRATION OR DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS

Back 48

Unitary

Federal

Front 49

power is concentrated in one supreme organ from which all governing authorities derive their power and existence

Back 49

Unitary

Front 50

They often create smaller, local governments for convenience, but all their power comes from the central source.

Back 50

Unitary

Front 51

2 spheres or organ of a unitary government

Back 51

National and Local

Front 52

Pros of Unitary

Back 52

- Uniform laws, policies, and enforcement

- Less duplication of services

-Stability

Front 53

Cons of Unitary

Back 53

- Out of touch with local concerns

- Slow in meeting local needs

- Bureaucracy

Front 54

a system of dividing up power between the central or national government and local governments that are connected to one another by the national and central government.

Back 54

Federal

Front 55

There are areas of public life that are under the control of the national or central government, and areas under control of the local governments.

Back 55

Federal

Front 56

Pros of Federal

Back 56

- Government is close to citizens

- Suited to geographically large nation

- Solution to endemic problems

Front 57

Cons of Federal

Back 57

- Component units often lack the resources

- Corruption and incompetence

- Duplication of services - Overly bureaucratic and costly

Front 58

FORM OF GOVERNMENT AS TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Back 58

Presidential

Parliamentary

Front 59

a democratic and republican government in which a head leads an executive branch that is separate from the legislative branch

Back 59

Presidential

Front 60

Under the Presidential Government, the head of the state is known as ____

Back 60

President

Front 61

Under the Presidential Government, Power is equally divided among its three branches namely :

Back 61

executive, legislative, and judicial

Front 62

A system of government where the branch exists separately from the legistature

Back 62

Presidential

Front 63

Pros of Presidential

Back 63

More choice on leadership

Higher level of accountability

Clear separation of powers

Front 64

Cons of Presidential

Back 64

Abuse of power

Charisma rather substance and policies

Set terms, rigid

Front 65

The president’s independence from the legislature is based on _______ by the people to whom he or she is directly accountable and not to the legislature.

Back 65

election

Front 66

the powers of the executive and legislative branches are intertwined

Back 66

Parliamentary

Front 67

In the parliamentary government, The real executive is rested on a cabinet composed of members of the _______.

Back 67

legislature

Front 68

In a parliamentary system, the head of the government is chosen from the __________, and is often one of the most senior members or ministers in the parliament, which is where we get the term ___________

Back 68

parliament

Prime Minister

Front 69

Pros of Parliamentary

Back 69

- Quicker legislative action (majority party) - Anytime the PM can be removed upon a vote of no confidence

- Power is unified under a majority party

- Clear line of responsibility and accountability

Front 70

Cons of Parliamentary

Back 70

- Absence or unclear separation of powers

- No check on legislative power

- Public has less choice over leadership

- Concentration of too much power

Front 71

The fundamental law of a nation or state. It establishes the character and basic principles of the government

Back 71

Constitution

Front 72

The word constitution was derived from a latin word ___________ meaning _______

Back 72

constituo

a “fixed, established, and settled.

Front 73

The purpose of a constitution

Back 73

1. It prescribes the kind of government that will exist in the state.

2. It creates the different departments and specifies their respective functions and duties.

3. It is the source of the sovereign powers of a government by establishing the fixed, first, or basic principles.

4. It promotes public welfare. It establishes the rights of the people which the government is obligated to protect.

Front 74

classification of constitution as to their ORIGIN AND HISTORY

Back 74

Conventional or Enacted

Comulative or Evolved

Front 75

classification of constitution as to their ORIGIN AND HISTORY which is decreed by a constituent assembly or granted by a monarch.

Back 75

Conventional or Enacted

Front 76

product of the development originating in customs and traditions rather from a deliberate formal enactment

Back 76

Cumulative or Evolved

Front 77

classification of constitution AS TO THEIR FORM

Back 77

Written

Unwritten

Front 78

classification of constitution AS TO THEIR FORM, with a definite form given by a constituted authority known as a “Constitutional Convention".

Back 78

Written

Front 79

classification of constitution AS TO THEIR FORM, a product of political evolution which consist mainly of customs, usages, and judicial decisions.

Back 79

Unwritten

Front 80

classification of constitution as to the MANNER OF AMENDING THEM

Back 80

Rigid or Inelastic

Flexible or Elastic

Front 81

classification of constitutionAS TO THE MANNER OF AMENDING THEM which considered a document of special sanctity therefore it cannot be altered except by a special legislative process

Back 81

Rigid or Inelastic

Front 82

classification of constitution AS TO THE MANNER OF AMENDING THEM which can be altered in the same manner as other laws.

Back 82

Flexible or Elastic

Front 83

REQUISITES OF A GOOD WRITTEN CONSTITUTION AS TO CONTENTS (3)

Back 83

Constitution of Government

Construction of Liberty

Constitution of Sovereignty

Front 84

REQUISITES OF A GOOD WRITTEN CONSTITUTION AS TO CONTENTS -

provision that deals with the government’s framework, powers, and functions, and limitations on the exercise of such powers and functions.

Back 84

Constitution of Government

Front 85

REQUISITES OF A GOOD WRITTEN CONSTITUTION AS TO CONTENTS – provision enumerating the fundamental rights if the people (civil, political, etc.)

Back 85

Constitution of Liberty

Front 86

REQUISITES OF A GOOD WRITTEN CONSTITUTION AS TO CONTENTS

- refers to the mode and procedure for introducing amendments to the fundamental law.

Back 86

Constitution of Sovereignty

Front 87

REQUISITES OF A GOOD WRITEN CONSTITUTION AS TO FORM

Back 87

Brief - confined to the basic principles to be implemenled

Broad - it should be comprehensible

Definite - prevent ambiguity that can result to confusion and divisiveness

Front 88

PREAMBLE

Back 88

Front 89

PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION FRAMED IN OUR HISTORY

Back 89

- The Biak-na-Bato Republic Constitution (1897)

- The Malolos Republic Constitution (1899)

- The 1935 Constitution and the Commonwealth Government

- The Japanese Occupation and the Second Philippine Republic (1943 Constitution)

- The 1973 Constitution and the Marcos Dictatorship

- The Freedom Constitution

- The 1987 Constitution

Front 90

The Phillppine revolution reached a statement in _______ when the revolutionary forces of General Emllio Aguinaldo fled to the mountains of Biak-na-Bato in ___________

Back 90

1897

San Miguel de Mayumo, Bulacan

Front 91

The biak na bato constitution is the Constitulon Was promulgated by the _____________ on November '1, 1897, and became the provisionary constitution of the Govemnment during the Revolution against Spain

Back 91

Philippine Revolulionary Governmenl

Front 92

Pact of Biak-na-Bato was signed on December 14, 1897 at San Miguel Bulacan , by _________ and ______ to end the Philippine Revolution.

Back 92

Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera and Emilio Aguinaldo

Front 93

Philippines' first constitution also called the biak na bato constitution

Back 93

1897 constitution

Front 94

The 1897 constitution was written by _______ and _______

Back 94

Isabelo Artacho and Félix Ferrer

Front 95

a Philippine Revolutionary Captain, then a Colonel, who served as Brigadaire General in Brigada Del Pilar, a military troop of General del Pilar during the Philippine Revolution

Back 95

Pablo tecson

Front 96

Preamble of Biak na bato

Back 96

“the separation of the Philippines from the Spanish monarchy and their formation into an independent state with its own government.”

Front 97

was the 1st republican constitultion in Asia and was the basic law of the First Philippine Republic

Back 97

The Malolos Conslitulion

Front 98

wrote the Malolos constitution as an alternative pair of proposals to the Malolos Congress by Apolinario Mabini and Pedro Paterno

Back 98

Felipe Calderón y Roca and Felipe Buencamino

Front 99

drew inspiration from the constitutions of Mexico, Belgium, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Brazil, and France.

Back 99

Felipe Calderon Y Roca

Front 100

drew inspiration from the constitutions of Mexico, Belgium, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Brazil, and France.

Back 100

Felipe Calderon Y Roca

Front 101

was emphasized in the first draft of the constitution, which means supreme power is given to a legislative body since it is the representative of the people.

Back 101

Popular Government

Front 102

objected to the Malolos Constitution and the approval was delayed

Back 102

Apolinario Mabini

Front 103

It was based on democratic traditions in which the government formed was “popular, representative, and responsible” with three distinct branches, the executive, legislative, and judicial.

Back 103

Malolos Constitution

Front 104

It called for a presidential form of government with the president elected for a term of four years by a majority of the Assembly convened as a constituent assembly.

It recognized the freedom of religion and the separation of the Church and State.

It emphasized and safeguarded the basic civil rights of not only Filipinos but foreigners, through a Bill of Rights.

Back 104

Malolos Constitution

Front 105

1935 Constitution – written by ______________ in accordance with the establishment of the Commonwealth Republic.

Back 105

Claro M. Recto

Front 106

Served as the fundamental law of the land from 1935 to 1972.

Its framing was a momentous event for the Filipinos since it showed the Americans that they had the capability for self- government that led to the country’s independence a decade later.

Back 106

The 1935 constitution

Front 107

Composed of powers and duties of the three branches of the government and created the General Auditing Office and laid down the framework in the establishment of the civil service in the country.

Back 107

The 1935 constitution

Front 108

The 1935 constitution Effectivity was halted during the Japanese occupation but continued in _______ until ______ .

Back 108

1946 until 1972

Front 109

The 1935 constitution Had to be approved by ____________ in March 14 1935

Ratification of constitution included ________ for the first time.

Back 109

President Franklin Roosevelt

women

Front 110

caused the drafting of the 1935 Constitution.

Following its signing, the Philippines began to ready itself for its transition from a colonial country into a self-governing nation.

Back 110

Tydings-Mcduffie Law of 1934/ Philippine Indepence Act

Front 111

Also known as Philippine Indepence Act

Back 111

Tydings-Mcduffie Law of 1934

Front 112

Under the 1935 constitution

1907 when the ___________ was established, the Americans ran the government in the Philippines with Filipinos given a role in the legislative function.

Back 112

Philippine Assembly

Front 113

was passed by the US Congress and reorganized the government with an American governor-general, a Cabinet, and an all-Filipino legislature composed of the senate and the House of Representatives.

Back 113

Jones Law of 1916/Philippine Autonomy Act

Front 114

Also known as Jones law of 1916

Back 114

Philippine Autonomy Act

Front 115

the new Philippine Legislature was inaugurated with ___________ as House Speaker and ___________ as Senate President.

In addition to this, ______ also formed the Council of State as an advisory body to the governor general.

Back 115

Sergio Osmeña

Manuel Quezon

Harrison

Front 116

1918 to 1932 – there were at least (how many?) Philippine independence missions to the United States.

Back 116

5

Front 117

When was the Tydinhs Mcduffue law approved by the US congress?

Back 117

March 24 1934

Front 118

It (law?) provided for the drafting and guidelines of a constitution for a 10-Year “transitional period” government before the granting of independence, this was known as the ____________________.

Back 118

Tydings Mcduffie Law

Commonwealth Government

Front 119

a provision for women’s suffrage, giving them the right to vote for the first time, and the creation of a Philippine Armed Forces for national defense, and the development of a national language or lingua franca.

Back 119

Bill of Rights

Front 120

ALSO KNOWN AS THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION AND THE SECOND PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC

Back 120

1943 CONSTITUTION

Front 121

drafted by the PCPI (Preparatory Committee for Philippine Independence), created in accordance with the establishment of the Second Philippine Republic or the Puppet Republic

Back 121

1943 Constitution or The Japanese Occupation and the Second Republic

Front 122

PCPI stands for

Back 122

Preparatory Committee for Philippine Independence

Front 123

Basically the condensed version of the 1935 Constitution

consisting only of a preamble and (how many?) articles

Back 123

1943 CONSTITUTION

12

Front 124

The year when the Japanses Occupation ended

Back 124

1945

Front 125

Japan’s attempt to form an economic and military bloc consisting of nations within East and Southeast Asia against Western colonization and manipulation

Back 125

The Great Eastern Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

Front 126

Why did the The Great Eastern Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere failed

Back 126

because of Japan’s inability to promote true mutual prosperity within the

alliance

Front 127

a Filipino political party during the Japanese occupation, acting on the orders of the Japanese military, convened and elected a Philippines Commission for Philippine Independence to write a new constitution.

Back 127

Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas (KALIBAPI)

Front 128

In this era, Tagalog – was declared as the national language.

Back 128

THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION AND THESECOND PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC (1943CONSTITUTION)

Front 129

Second Philippine Republic is also known as ______

Back 129

The Puppet Republic

Front 130

Main purpose of The second Philippine Republic or Puppet Republic

Back 130

To make Filipinos believe that they would be given independence.

To allow the Japanese to have more influence over Philippine territory and resources

Front 131

This is promulgated after Marcos’ declaration of martial law, was supposed to introduce a parliamentary-style government.

Back 131

The 1973 Constitution/Martial Law Constitution (1973)

Front 132

PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION FRAMED INOUR HISTORY

Back 132

The Biak-na-Bato Republic Constitution (1897)The Malolos Republic Constitution (1899)The 1935 Constitution and the CommonwealthGovernmentThe Japanese Occupation and the Second PhilippineRepublic (1943 Constitution)The 1973 Constitution and the Marcos DictatorshipThe Freedom ConstitutionThe 1987 Constitution