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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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(5 pillars) Allah
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Believe in only one god. The last prophet was Muhammad.
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(5 pillars) Prayer
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Pray 5 times a day, in the direction of Mecca.
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(5 pillars) Ramadan
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Fast on the 9th moth
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(5 pillars) Alms
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Charity, "Give alms to the poor"
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(5 pillars) Pilgrimage
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Must make a pilgrimage to the Kaaba in Mecca at least once in your life.
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Where was Muhammad born?
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Mecca
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Did Muhammad gain a lot of followers preaching in Mecca?
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No
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Where did Muhammad gain a large amount of followers?
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Yathrib
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What 2 things did Muhammad accomplish by the time he died?
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1. Establishing Islam
2. Uniting the Bedouin tribes |
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Who was Abu Bakr?
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Was ruler of the Bedouin tribes after Muhammad died.
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Who was Omar?
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Was ruler after Abu Bakr. Started an era of Islamic expansion. Fought at Battle of Yarmouk. Built Dome of the Rock
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What was the Battle of Yarmouk?
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A battle between Muslims and Byzantines. Large victory for Muslims, forced the Byzantines out of Jerusalem.
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Who was Othman?
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Was ruler after Omar. Made scribes write down the Qur'an.
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Who was Ali?
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Was ruler after Othman. Married Muhammad's daughter. Accused of not looking into murder of Othman, believed to be the person that murdered Othman for it. Was then assasinated.
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Who was Muawiya?
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Was ruler after Ali. Started the Umayyad dynasty.
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Describe the accomplishments of the Umayyad Dynasty.
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1. Large expansion of Religion through trade and military conquest.
2. Favored Arabs over Non-Arabs 3. Spread Umuyyad rule into Spain. |
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Who was Abu al-Abbas?
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Ruler after the Umayyad Dynasty. Overthrew the dynasty and established the Abbasid Dynasty.
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Describe the Abbasid Dynasty.
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1. Converted the Capital to Baghdad
2. Established a strong sense of unity through-out Islam. 3. Treated Arabs and Non-Arabs equally 4. Invented Algebra 5. Other achievements such as medicine, poetry, numerals, great mosques etc... |
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How did the first crusade start?
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The Byzantine empire asked Western Europe for help for defending against the Turks.
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What was the result of the first crusade
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Christianity claimed Jerusalem and other nearby areas as the "Holy land"
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How many crusades were there?
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9 in total
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Describe the 2nd Crusade.
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Was known as a minor crusade. Goal was to take Damascus. Failed to take it, then soon after, the Muslims take back Jerusalem.
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Describe the 3rd Crusade.
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Led by Richard I and Phillip III, goal was to retake Jerusalem. Ended up losing due to the leaders not coordinating their efforts.
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What were the end results of the 9 Crusades?
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1. Muslims still had control of Holy land
2. Trade increased in Venice 3. Byzantine declined greatly to simply a single city. 4. Power of kings go up 5. Power of Pope goes down 6. Power of Nobles goes down 7. Large cultural exchanges |
