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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who was the first Englishman to land in North America?
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John Cabot
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What year did John Cabot land in North America?
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1497
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How long did it take for England to colonize America?
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80 years
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Why did it take so long for England to colonize America?
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1)the government had little money
2)the Spanish had already claimed America |
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Who was Martin Luther?
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He was a German monk who published an attack on the Church. He started the Protestant Reformation.
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Who was Henry VIII?
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He broke with the Catholic Church and declared himself to be the head of England's church. because of this, a group called the Puritans began.
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Who was John Calvin?
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John Calvin's ideas that every congregation should elect its own ministers and elders to control the church influenced many Puritan leaders.
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What was the Anglican Church?
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It had bishops and archbishops appointed by the monarch
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What were Puritans?
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Puritans were people who wanted to purify the church by having the congregation elect its own ministers and elders to control the church.
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Who was Elizabeth I?
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Under her reign, many Puritan ideas gained acceptance within the Anglican Church.
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Who was James I?
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The Puritan cause suffered a huge setback when James I became king because he refused to tolerate any changes in the structure of the Anglican Church.
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What was the Enclosure movement?
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It was a movement involving landowners converting their estates into sheep farms by enclosing their land and evicting the tenants.
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What were joint-stock companies?
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These companies pooled the money of many investors. This enabled the company to raise large amounts of money for big projects.
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What were privateers?
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privately owned ships liscenced by the government to attack ships of other countries.
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What was Jamestown?
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King James I gave a group of English investors a charter to plant colonies in Virginia. Whe n this was successful, they named their settlement Jamestown in honor of the king.
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Who was John Smith?
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Captain John Smith emerged as Jamestown's only strong leader. He explored the region around Jamestown and began trading with the local Native Americans, the Powhatan Confederacy.
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Who was Pocahontas?
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She saved Captain John Smith from being killed by the Native Americans. Her father was Chief Powhatan.
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What problem did the Jamestown colonists face?
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They didn't know much about living and the woods and they couldn't make use of the fish and game, raise livestock, or cultivate crops. Also, the governing council argued constantly.
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What were some ways the Virginia Company tried to attract settlers to the Jamestown colony?
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1)offered land to anyone who worked for the colony for 7 years.
2)had the right to elect its own assembly to propose laws 3)introduced the system of headrights, where new settlers bought a share in the company were granted 50 acres of land. |
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Why did Lord Baltimore establish Maryland as a colony?
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George Calvert wanted to establish a colony where Catholics could practice their religion without being persecuted.
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What is the difference between Virginia's charter government and Maryland's proprietary government?
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In Maryland's proprietary government, Lord Baltimore owned the land and could do whatver he wished with it. In Virginia's charter government, England owned the land.
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Who are the Seperatists?
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a group of Puritans that broke away from the Anglican Church to form their own congregations.
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Who were the Pilgrims?
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The Pilgrims were Speratists that joined another group of speratists aboard the Mayflower and headed for America.
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Who was William Bradford?
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one of the Pilgrim colonies leaders who said the Pilgrims went to work as soon as they arrived in Plymouth.
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Who was Squanto?
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a Native American man who taught the Pilgrims about their new environment. He told them how to set their corn, where to take fish and how to procure other commodities. Squanto also helped the Pilgrims negotiate a peace treaty with the Wampanoag people who lived nearby.
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Why did the Pilgrims leave for America?
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The Pilgrims came to America so that they could worship God the way they felt best, and not be forced by the government to do it a certain way. (escape persecution)
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Why were Puritans willing to sail to America with John Winthrop?
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The Puritans were willing to sail to America with John Winthrop because they were tired of being forced to be a certain kind of Christian. They knew that there was no future for Puritans in England, so they had to go somewhere else.
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Was Winthrop right in ignoring the Massachusetts Bay Company charter and instead running the colonial government as he saw fit? Why?
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No, he blatantly ignored the laws, just so he could run the colonial government just how he wanted.
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Explain how dissent in Massachusetts led to the founding of Rhode Island
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The Puritists in Massachusetts would not allow any other versions of the religion, so people who believed differently than them headed south and founded Newport and Warwick which joined together with Portsmouth and Providence to become the colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.
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Explain how dissent in Massachusetts led to the founding of Connecticut
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Thomas Hooker and his congregation asked the General Court of Massachusetts if they could move to the Connecticut River valley because they did not have enough land near the town to raise cattle.
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Why was King Philip’s War a turning point for Native Americans and settlers?
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King Philip’s War was a turning point because it marked the time when English settlers were trying to control the Native Americans. Since the Native Americans basically lost the war, they had to follow the English laws and customs.
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