Histology 1-15-13 And 1-16-13 Wk2 Day2 And 3

Front 1

closely aggregated cells with very little extracellular substance =
what tissue

Back 1

Epithelium =

Hint 1

closely aggregated cells with very little extracellular substance.

Front 2

Connective tissue = 5ct

Back 2

abundance of extracellular material
bind organs together,
immunity to disease-causing organisms.
protects and supports the body and its organs.
store energy reserves as fat,

Front 3

Muscle tissue =

Back 3

composed of elongated cells that have the specialized function of contraction

Front 4

Nerve tissue =

Back 4

nerve impulses maintain homeostasis.
cells with elongated processes
receive, generate, and transmit impulses.

Front 5

Describe the Epithelial tissue
l All tissues of the body develop from three primary germ layer

Back 5

n ectoderm
n mesoderm
n endoderm


(the first tissues that form in a human embryo)

Hint 5

connective tissues and most muscle tissues.

nervous tissue.

Front 6

Mesoderm gives rise to all = 2ct

Back 6

connective tissues and most muscle tissues.

Front 7

Ectoderm develops into =

Back 7

nervous tissue.

Front 8

Epithelia line and cover all body surfaces except the =

Back 8

articular cartilage, the enamel of the tooth.

Front 9

T/F
Epithelia lack a direct blood (avascular) and lymph supply =

Back 9

True

Nutrients are delivered by =

Hint 9

diffusion

Front 10

n Epithelia are anchored to a basal lamina. The basal lamina and connective tissue components cooperate to form =

Back 10

The basement membrane.

Front 11

T/F Epithelia DO Not Have structural and functional polarity =

Back 11

False
They do have polarity
Epithelia have structural and functional polarity.

Front 12

form and dimensions (Types of) epithelial cells = 3 types

Back 12

columnar
cuboidal
low squamous cells

Front 13

epithelial cells line all external and internal surfaces of the body, everything that enters or leaves the body must cross an =

Back 13

epithelial sheet

Front 14

Apical Domain and its Modifications
apical (free) surface aka Apical surfaces may contain = 2ct

Back 14

cilia
or
microvilli.

Front 15

The structural surface modification of
Apical surfaces
include: =

Back 15

n Microvilli: cytoplasmic processes that extend from the surface.

n Stereocilia: microvilli of large size Cilia: motile cytoplasmic processes

Front 16

Microvilli contain a core of actin filaments, which are anchored to =

Back 16

villin

Front 17

the lining epithelium of the small intestine and the cells of the proximal renal tubule are lined with
Microvilli or Cilia =

Back 17

Microvilli

Front 18

Is there villin present in the stereocilia.

Back 18

NO

There is no villin present in the stereocilia.

Stereocilia increase the cell =

Hint 18

surface area, facilitating the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.

Front 19

Lateral Domain and its Specializations in Cell-To-Cell Adhesion =

Back 19

specialized intercellular junction that serve as site of adhesions

a seal to prevent the passing of materials through the intercellular membrane from the apex to the base of the cells.


Intercellular Jctns = called what + aka

Hint 19

Tight jct / adherens jct / zona adherens jct = all same diff Nm.

Front 20

Tight Jct / Zona Adherens interact w/ =

Back 20

Actin

the adhesion of one cell to its neighbor.
actin filaments cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin.
cytoplasmic side of tail of E-cadherin is bound to catenin complex.

What are point contacts with cytoskeleton =

Hint 20

Desmosomes

Front 21

Zonula Occludens (tight jct)
***Nm goes with Occludin & Claudins

l Three major groups of proteins found in zonula occludens are =
3ct

Back 21

occludin,
claudins
junctional adhesion molecules (JAM).

ZO-1, ZO-2 and ZO-3.Zonula adherens

INFO +

Hint 21

A number of bacteria, viruses and parasite products attack zonula occludens junction or associated molecules to gain entry to the body.

Front 22

Basal Domain and its Specializations in Cell-To-Extracellular Matrix Adhesion

l The basement membrane is a thin extracellular layer that commonly consists of two layers, the =

Back 22

basal lamina

reticular lamina.

Front 23

The main components of basal laminae are = 4ct

Back 23

type IV collagen,
glycoproteins laminin
entactin,
proteoglycans

Front 24

***Integrins are intergral part to =
2ct

Back 24

basal area

Desmosomes

Front 25

***Basal lamina attaches to =

Back 25

Reticular fibers

Front 26

***Basement Memb

Back 26

The basement membrane is the fusion of two lamina, the basal lamina and the reticular lamina (or lamina reticularis). The lamina reticularis is attached to the basal lamina with anchoring fibrils (type VII collagen fibers) and microfibrils (fibrillin). The two layers are collectively known as the basement membrane.[1]
The basal lamina layer can further be divided into two layers. The clear layer closer to the epithelium is called the lamina lucida, while the dense layer closer to the connective tissue is called the lamina densa.

Front 27

• The main components of basal laminae are = 4ct

Back 27

• type IV collagen,
• glycoproteins laminin
• entactin,
• proteoglycans.

Front 28

Hemidesmosomes =

Back 28

half a desmosome and bind the epithelial cell to the subjacent basal lamina.

Front 29

Gap junction or nexus =

Back 29

They are seen, in conventional transmission electron micrographs, as a close (2-nm) apposition of adjacent cell membranes.

The individual unit of the gap junction is called a connexon. Each connexon is formed by six gap junction proteins called connexins. which join together leaving a hydrophilic pore about 1.5 nm in diameter in the center.

Connexons of adjacent cells are aligned to form a hydrophilic channel between the two cells.

Signaling molecules such as some hormones, cyclic AMP and GMP, and ions can move through gap junctions, causing the cells in many tissues to act in a coordinated manner.
Gap or communicating junctions (also called nexus) can occur almost anywhere along the lateral membranes of epithelial cells.

Hint 29

Gap junctions are found in nearly all mammalian tissues, except in skeletal muscle

Front 30

***4 tissue types: =

Back 30

Epithelium
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nerve tissue

Front 31

***Integrins are intergral part to

Back 31

basal area & Desmosomes

info

Hint 31

***Integrins are intergral part to basal area & Desmosomes

Front 32

Gap jct or Nexus

Back 32

*Connexons

Front 33

Microvilli inside have =

Back 33

actin

are inside what structure =

Hint 33

Microvilli

Front 34

Cilia inside you have =

Back 34

microtubules

are inside what structure =

Hint 34

Cilia

Front 35

Stereocilia = ***

is part of ==

Back 35

Microvilli

Its purpose is what =

Hint 35

(there to increase surface area)

Front 36

Cilia s fctn =

Back 36

moves material, fluid, particles