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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Origin of the Byzantine Empire
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When the western Invasions collapse the Western Roman Empire, claims to be the 'Heirs of the Roman Empire'
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Justinian I
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Rules Byzantine Empire from 527-565
Tries to rebuild Roman Empire Wars w/ Germanic Tribes Builds up Constantinople Builds Hagia Sophia Codifies Roman Law Model for Modern Europe |
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Justinian in 533
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Western Conquests
Captures Italy but it is lost after his death |
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Constantine
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Father of the Byzantine Empire
Began the spread of Christianity |
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Constantinople
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Best city of its time
Best defense Site of international trade Cultural center Largest city in Europe 5-13th C |
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Hagia Sophia
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First Christian Church
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Codify a law
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Writing all the laws down
Unifies and organizes the Empire |
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Problems in the Byzantine Empire
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Byzantine-Sassanid Wars
High taxes Justinian Plagues Arab-Byzantine Wars |
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Byzantine-Sassanid Wars
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6th-7th C.
Sassanid falls to Islam |
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Arab-Byzantine Wars
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7th-11th C.
Arab Sieges 674-678, 717-718 Used greek fire defense |
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Byzantine Recovery
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750-850
Stave off Muslim invasions Overall weakness due to warfare Ally w/ Europe makes Muslims angry Rebuild and expand Increased territory |
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Byzantine Fall Timeline
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10-11 C - Constantinople still rich, sophisticated, cultural city
1204 - Sacked by Crusaders 1453 - Constantinople to Ottoman Empire |
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Byzantine major economical means
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Agriculture and trade
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Roman influence in the Byzantine Empire
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Roads
Taxes Laws Central Admin Christian Church Complex Politics |
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Byzantine Trade Imports
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Silk
Slaves Wheat Furs Textiles Weapons |
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Byzantine Trade Exports
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Cotton
Glassware Enamels Timber |
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Art and Architecture of Byzantine Empire
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Mosaics
Churches |
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Medical Advances of the Byzantine Empire
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1st hospitals
Formal medical training (including women) Textbooks Free care for the poor Charity caring for lepers Later shared with Muslims and spreads to Europe |
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Split b/w Eastern and Western Christianity
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East - Byzantine
West - Roman |
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East (Orthodox) Christianity
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Byzantine
Ceasaropapism Emperor has two roles as Head of State and Head of Church Ruler is blessed by God Papal laws not followed, state is more important Objected to the Roman pope claiming final authority (patriarch vs pope) Greek Married priests Unshaved No Original Sin 4 Patriarchs No papal infallibility All can be saved |
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West (Roman) Christianity
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Bishop is head of the Church
aka the Pope Not mixing state as much Veneration of icons - Images and representations are okay Latin Celibate priests Shave Original Sin Pope Mary w/out sin Only Catholics are saved |
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Shared features b/w Roman and Byzantine Christianity
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Teaching of Jesus
Bible Sacraments Church hierarchy Missionary Intolerance |
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Iconoclasm
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Leo III - R. 717-741
East (Byzantine) DESTORY ALL THE ICONS |
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The Schism
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1054
Mutual excommunication Orthodox would rather be Muslim than Catholic Orthodox means "right" Spreads to Russia and Ukraine |
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Why is Byzantine Empire important?
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Trade routes
Bulwark b/w Western Europe and Eastern Threat Law and Modern Europe Medicine, art, architecture Culturally fundamental |
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How did Islam spread?
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Trade routes
Exchange of ideas, plants, goods, and inventions |
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Islamic Culture
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Mosque
Knowledge |
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Example of a great Mosque
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Minaret of Great Mosque in Baghdad
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Muslims in India
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Invasions constant
Indians absorbed into society Convert to Hinduism or Buddhism Don't fit well into caste system Muslims don't convert Peaceful at first |
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Mahmud of Ghanzi
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971-1030
"Sword of Islam" |
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Describe Mahumud of Ghanzi's Invasions in India
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1001-1027
17 Destructive invasions into India Destroy Hinduism temples, steal jewels, gold, women, slaves Forced conversion North progressively conquered afterward |
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Delhi Sultamate
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Created in 1206
Relatively accepting of hindus Hindu temples remain |
