Hist- Exam One

Front 1

James I

Back 1

king of Scotland
end of house of Tudor
beginning of house of Stuart

Front 2

James I

Back 2

did not like idea of parliament
believed in divine right of kings and absolute rule
didn’t really cause trouble but put the STRONG IDEA n his sons head

Front 3

divine right of kings

Back 3

the doctrine that a monarch derives his or her power directly from a deity

Front 4

Charles I

Back 4

HATED parliament
1629
asked 4 money for the war 3 times and parliament said NO! 3 times
dismissed parliament

Front 5

Throrough

Back 5

Gave absolute power to the king

Front 6

Grand Remonstrance

Back 6

list of popular and parliament complaints against Charles I given to Charles I

Front 7

Militia Ordinance

Back 7

allowed parliament to raise its own army to defend themselves

Front 8

English Civil War

Back 8

Cavaliers (pro-monarchy) vs Roundheads (Pro- Parliament) parliament wins

Front 9

Oliver Cromwell

Back 9

leader of the Roundheads (Pro- Parliament)

serves as first lord protector

Front 10

Commonwealth of England

Back 10

republic and led by parliament and Lord Protector

Front 11

DECLAERATION OF INDULGENCES

Back 11

gave religious freedom to both catholics and puritans

Front 12

TEST ACT

Back 12

declared that king and all court officials must take an oath against the Doctrine of Transubstantiation

Front 13

Charles II

Back 13

new king of England (1660-1665) suspected of being catholic issued after cromwell died

Front 14

James II

Back 14

HAHA! IM CATHOLIC!!!!!!!
demanded a repeal of Test Act- parliament refused
parliament begins to plot to get rid of him
ran away from William of Orange

Front 15

William of Orange

Back 15

person parliament calls on 2 get rid of James II
from the Netherlands, protestant, from House of Stuart, nephew of James II and married to Mary(daughter of James II)

Front 16

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

Back 16

no bloodshed
William of Orange becomes William III
William and Mary rule as king and queen of England

Front 17

Bill of Rights

Back 17

1.) makes the rule of William and Mary legit
2.) parliament had to be called into session every 3 years
3.) prohibited catholics from being able to rule England

Front 18

ACT OF SETTLEMENT

Back 18

passed by William of parliament
after death of William, anew would become queen

Front 19

Anne of House of Stuart

Back 19

sister of Mary
Queen of England after William of Orange died

Front 20

George 1 of Hanover

Back 20

king after Anne dies

Front 21

Louis XIV

Back 21

“Sun King”
House of Bourbon
1643-1715
became king @ 4
believed in Divine Rights of
Kings and ruled with
absolute power

Front 22

Louis XIV

Back 22

married Maria Teresa (daughter of King Philip of Spain) on one condition
Maria agreed to give up her claim to the Spanish Throne

Front 23

Philip IV

Back 23

agreed to pay a large dowry to Louis XIV

Front 24

War of Devolution

Back 24

Conflict over the Spanish Netherlands

Louis XIV invaded the Netherlands
Result: war

Front 25

War of Devolution

Back 25

France vs Triple Alliance (England, Holland, Sweden)

Front 26

Treaty of Aix-lo-Chapelle

Back 26

ended War of Devolution
France had to give back areas of Spanish Netherlands it conquered

Front 27

LEAGUE OF AUGSBURG

Back 27

Defense alliance to protect against the French- consisted of HRE, Holland, Spain, England, Sweden

Front 28

War of League of Augsburg

Back 28

Louis XIV invaded Germanic states territory

France vs League of Augsburg

Front 29

PEACE OF RYSWICK

Back 29

ended the war of league of Augsburg- France had to return all the land it took since 1679

Front 30

Philip of Anjou

Back 30

Candidates for King of Spain
1.)great grandson of Philip IV
2.)grandson of Louis XIV
3.)supported by france- would give france more power
4.)not supported by England HRE cuz France has 2 much power

Front 31

Charles VI

Back 31

Candidates for King of Spain
1.)Great grandson of Philip III
2.)Son of HRE Leopold I
3.)Supported by HRE- gain power
4.)Not supported by France and England- 2 much power to HRE

Front 32

Joseph Ferdinand

Back 32

Candidates for King of Spain
1.)Great grandson of Philip IV
2.)Grandson of HRE Leopold I
3.)“Compromise Candidate”
4.)No country has an advantage

Front 33

Philip of Anjou

Back 33

becomes heir after Joseph Ferdinand dies

Front 34

War of Spanish succession

Back 34

Other countries are upset because Philip of Anjou is king of spain

Front 35

War of Spanish succession

Back 35

France and Spain vs. England, Holland, HRE (Grand Alliance)

Front 36

results of War of Spanish succession

Back 36

1.) Phillip of Anjou (Phillip V) remains king of Spain
2.) Beginning of Spanish Bourbons
3.) Louis XIV agreed to support the Hanovers as the King of England
4.) England got control of Gibraltar
5.) France and Spain are now allies

Front 37

Charles VI

Back 37

HRE has no male heirs
issued PROGMATIC SANCTION-

Front 38

PROGMATIC SANCTION

Back 38

1.) Don’t to avoid war
2.) To stop the empire from breaking up
3.) Legal decleration designed to ensure that the Austrian throne and title of Holy Roman Emperor pass to and through the line of HIS daughter Maria Theresa

Front 39

Frederick I

Back 39

1st king of Prussia
built roads, schools, etc

Front 40

Frederick William I

Back 40

1713-1740
son of Frederick I
absolute rule
built a large army
“soldier king”
Prussia had 13th largest population
3-4th largest military

Front 41

Frederick II- Frederick the Great

Back 41

1740-1786
son of Frederick William I
absolute ruler- “Enlightened Absolute Monarch”- everything 4 the people, nothing by the ppl
had control over a very strong and effiecent military
had NO problem with war

Front 42

Prussia, France, Bavaria, Saxony

Back 42

countries dat refuse to accept the Progmatic Sanction even though they accepted it before Charles VI died

Front 43

war of Austrian Succession

Back 43

due to Prussia invaded the Hapsburg Territory of Silesia

Austria n England vs Prussia n France

Front 44

Treaty of Aachen

Back 44

ended the War of the Austrian Succession
nothing was settled
Teresa signed just to build up military

Front 45

Seven Years War

Back 45

Prussia and Britain vs Spain Russia France and Austria

Front 46

Treaty of Westminster

Back 46

treaty between Prussia British.
due to British fears of French attacks on Hanover Prussia and Great Britain would prevent any other foreign power passage through Germany.

Front 47

Treaty of Hubertusburg

Back 47

signed by Prussia, Austria, and Saxony
ended 7 years war
Silesia remained Prussian

Front 48

Treaty of Paris

Back 48

signed by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain
also ended the 7 yrs war

Front 49

Ottoman Empire

Back 49

Islamic Empire
Rose in Asia Minor
Ruled by a Sultan (Emperor)
Absolute Power

Front 50

Constantinople (Istanbul)

Back 50

capital of Byzantine empire
eastern orthodox church
location-major port city
connects Europe and Asia-crossroads
lots of $

Front 51

Mehmed The Conqueror

Back 51

Young Sultan
Wants Constantinople
they never had 2 deal with CANNONS
began to siege the city
conquered Constantinople

Front 52

Constantinople (Istanbul)

Back 52

became the capital of Ottoman Empire
Became a muslim city
renamed Istanbul

Front 53

Suleyman the Magnificent (Solomon)

Back 53

Sultan
Rule over the most land of Ottaman Empire
Rival of HRE
never able to take the city
“Greatest of all the Sultans”
After his death, Ottomans begain a slow decline

Front 54

Reasons for decline of ottoman empire 1600’s-1800’s:

Back 54

1.)Over population
a.Too many people to take care
2.)Bad leadership
a.Ineffective sultans
b.Mistrust in ruling families
3.)Lack of industrialization
a.Not keeping up with new technology (Industrial Age)
4.)Military
a.Too much land to defend-divided military
i.Two major fronts- west (Hapsburg) and east (Persians)
b.1700’s and 1800’s
i.Begin to lose territory to foreign powers
1.Hapsburgs
2.Russia
c.1914-1918- on the losing sidef of world war I
d.Ottoman empire broken upand became the Republic of Turkey (Asia Minor and Instanbul)