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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most common collection system |
Evacuation tunes: anticoagulant: prevents clotting. |
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EDTA |
Most common used in Hematology, Works by chelating calcium .Purple Cap |
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Specimen Problems |
Mixing, Not enough anticoagulant , Excess anticoagulant |
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Tourniquet |
used to located vein, applied 2-4 inches above site, not left for more than one minute
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Needles and Holders |
Needles vary in length and opening size. Gauge is inversely related to bore size. Smaller gauge # have larger bore size |
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Holders |
All have safety features, prevents needle stick injuries, holder are disposed with needles and are single use |
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Examples of Holders |
Rubber sleeve, Quick shield, Sal T-Holder, Jelco Needle Pro |
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Syringers |
Amount of pressure is controlled by phlebotomist compared to vacutainer |
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Skin Prep |
70 % isopropyl alcohol pad is used For blood alcohol - non alcohol antiseptic is used |
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Best Vein Location |
Antecubital Fossa Area - Median cubital vein
Also in that region is Cephalic and Basilic vein |
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Steps for Venipuncture Procedure |
Wash hands, gloves, supply, ID patient, tourniquet, locate vein, remove tourniquet, clean area with alcohol pad, allow area to dry, setup needle and tubes, apply tourniquet, perform venipuncture, remove tourniquet, special labeling, verify patient, special handling, and proper mixing. |
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Venipuncture Complications |
Ecchymoses- most common, small amount of fluid in tissue, pressure on puncture site helpful Syncope- second most common, document incident, follow institution protocol, Hematoma- large among of fluid in tissue, needle goes through veins, partially in vein and lack of pressure applied after the draw Failure to draw- missed vein Petechiae- small spots of blood into skin , indication of possible coagulation problem Edema- fluid filled intercellular spaces, avoid these area, hard to find veins Obesity- hard to find veins, blood pressure cuffs helps
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Intravenous Therapy (Venipuncture Complications) |
Use other arm, blood daw under catheterized are alter, stop infusion of 2 mins, discard first 5 ml before collecting specimen
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Hemo-concentration (Venipuncture Complications) |
Tourniquet left for too long, high concentration of some analytes (larger molecules) |
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Hemolysis (Venipuncture Complications) |
Very small needle during difficult draw, pulls plunger of syringe too fast, sharks tube too hard, alcohol or water contamination at puncture site, patient with hemolytic anemia |
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More Venipuncture Complications |
Do not used Burn or Scarred tissue site, Seizures or tremors : remove needles and ensure safety of patient, vomiting or choking : ensure patient does not hit head, allergies , mastectomy, inability to obtain specimen with 2 attempts, patient right of refusal |
