Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the Sinoatrial node (sinus Node)
|
pacemaker of the heart, initiates heart beat, generates impulses in a resting heart at a rate of 60-100 beats per minute
|
|
|
Diastole
|
relaxation of the ventricles (ventricular filling) AV valves open and blood rushes from the atria into the ventricles.
|
|
|
Systole
|
pressure caused by blood now in the ventricles causes the AV valves (mitral and tricuspid) to shut. Producing the first heart sound S1
|
|
|
Systole prevents blood from flowing backwards into _____ during ventricular contraction
|
atria
|
|
|
At this point, all four valves are closed and the ventrilces contract. This causes high pressure and forces the _____ ______ to open.
|
Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic)
|
|
|
Blood is ejected rapidly from the _____ reducing the pressure in the ventricles- causing the ____ ____ to close. Producing the S2 heart sound which signals the end of _____
|
ventricles
semilunar valves systole |
|
|
Where is the aortic region located?
|
the 2nd intercostal space on the Right sternal border (RUSB)
|
|
|
Where is the pulmonic region located?
|
the 2nd intercostal space on the left sternal border (LUSB)
|
|
|
Where is the tricuspid region
|
the 4th intercostal space at the LT sternal border (LLSB)
|
|
|
Where is the mitral region
|
near the apex of the heart at the 5th intercostal space in the the mid-clavicular line
|
|
|
When is the First heart sound produced? S1
|
Lub- closure of the AV valves.
Tricuspid and Mitral |
|
|
When is the 2nd heart sound produced?
|
Closure of the semilunar valves (dub)
|
|
|
What causes murmurs?
|
caused by turbulent blood flow
|
|
|
How is cardiac output measured and what is it
|
SV x HR = CO
amount of blood pumped by the ventricles in about one minute |
|
|
What is important for determining right side of the heart functioning-reflects right atrial pressure or central venous pressure?
|
jugular veins
|
|
|
For the jugular veins right sided failure _____ pulse and pressure
|
increases
|
|
|
In the Jugular veins what is the cause of decrease in pulse and pressure?
|
usually due to reduced blood volume
|
|
|
what is CHD
|
coronary heart disease
|
|
|
What causes CHD
|
atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, which restricts blood flow to the coronary tissues
|
|
|
What are 5 Non-modifiable risk factors for CHD:
|
1. Positive family history
2.Increasing age 3. Sex- 3x more in men than women 4.Race-higher incidence in minorities 5.Geography-higher in industrialized areas |
|
|
What are 6 modifiable risk factors for CHD
|
1. Hyperlipidemia
2.Elevated blood pressure 3. Cigarette smoking 4. Obesity 5.Physical inactivity 6. Stress |
|
|
When should jugular vein not be visible?
|
if elevated above 45 degrees
|
|
|
What do you auscultate in the neck vessels?
|
auscultate corotid arteries- no bruits should be heard.
|
|
|
What do we NEVER palpate
|
carotid arteries
|
|
|
What do we palpate for the heart?
|
Apical pulse PMI
|
|
|
What do we Auscultate for the heart
|
auscultate apical heart rate and rhythm. if irregular check rate for one full minute
|
