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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name 5 personal habbits that increase the risk of a coranary event
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1) dieat
2) Smoking 3) ETOH 4) Lack of exercise 5) meds |
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What additional information should be aquired for infants concerning maternal health during pregnancy
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1) unexplained fever
2) rubella 3) infections 4) Htn 5) drug use |
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What three peices of information should be asked about an infant
health concerning coronary events |
1) cynosis or rest when nursing
2) Poor wieght gain 3) ability to play w/out tiring too quickly |
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What additional 7 peices of information should be assessed for when examining subjective data for children
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1) poor weight gain & growth
2) innability to play: knee chest position 3) unexplained Joint pain or fever 4) frequent headaches or nose bleeds 5) Frequent URI's (Strep_ 6)Chromosomal abnormalities 7) sibling health problems |
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What additional information should be asessed in an aging adult
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1) history of heart or lung disease
2) Meds 3) environment: ability to climb stairs |
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What changes in the arteries is a result of aging
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Calcification less compliant arteries
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What does calcified arteries result in
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increased systolic bp
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What hemodynamic change in an aging adult takes place in the heart
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Increased thickness of the left ventricular wall
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What hemodynamic change to pulse occurs in an aging adult
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increased pulse pressure
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What hemodynamic change occurs with cardiac output
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decreased ability to increase cardiac output when exercising
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in what culture is the prevelence of stroke and heart disease highest
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African heritage
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What group or groups have a higher incedence of htn
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Blacks Mexicans and native americans
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What two groups is smoking more prevelent
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African American, Native american
Me |
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What makes an S1 sound
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Closure of AV vlaves
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When is a S1 sound heard
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at the beginning of systole
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Where is S1 heard best
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Apex
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What condition would exagerate an S1 split
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Pregnancy
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S3 sounds like which state
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Ken Tuck Y
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When is an S3 heard compared to S1 and S2
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S3 immediately follows S2
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What occurs to cause a S3 heart sound
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When ventricles are resistant to filling during the rapid filling phase
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What state does S4 sound like
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ten ne see
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When does a S4 sound occur according to systole and diastole
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end of diastole
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When is a S4 sound heard in accordance to S1 and S2
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Before S1
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What group can an S4 sound be heard
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Aging normally
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What space is the point of maximal impulse found
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5th ICS
LMCL |
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What does an Apical -radial pulse deficit signifies
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weak ventricular contraction
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What 3 conditions can cause an apical-radial pulse deficit
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1) A Fib
2) premature breast 3) heart FAILURE |
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What do murmors result from
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result from turbulent bloodflow
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What type of disease causes increased velocity of blood flow
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thyrotoxicosis
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What can reduce blood viscosity and thus cause a murmur
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anemia
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What structural defects result in murmurs
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1) narrowed valve (stenosis)
2) prolapsed valve (regurgitation) 3) unusual openings in heart chambers) |
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What two changes to blood cause murmurs
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change in viscosity and a change in velocity.
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What are 4 characteristics of heart sounds
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frequency (pitch)
Intensity (Soft or Loud Duration (short or logn) Timing (systole or diastole) |
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In an EKG what does a P wave represent
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Atria depolarization
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In an EKG what does the PR interval measure
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time it takes an impulse to travel through atria to AV nodes
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What does the QRS complex represent
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ventricular depolarization
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What does the T wave represent
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Ventricular re polarization
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How is cardiac output measured
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stoke volume x rate
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What is a preload
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venous return that builds during diastole
length of ventricular muscle stretching before systole |
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What is after load
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Opposing pressure that the ventricle must overcome to eject blood.
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What are the palpable neck muscles
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right and left common carotid arteries
right and left external jugular veins left and right internal jugular veins |
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What is hidden behind the sternomastoid muscle
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internal jugular veins
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What is a sign of blood flow turbulance when auscultating the carotid artery
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bruit
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When Supine what becomes visible and usually disappear when person elevates the head of the bed 45 degrees
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jugular venous pulse
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