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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Angina pectoris |
Acute chest pain that occurs when myocardial demand exceeds its oxygen supply. |
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Aortic regurgitation |
(Aortic insufficiency) incompetent aortic valve that allows backward flow of blood into the left ventricle during diastole. |
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Aortic stenosis |
Calcification of aortic valve cusps that restricts forward flow of blood during diastole. |
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Aortic valve |
The left semilunar valve separating the left ventricle and the aorta. |
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Apex of the heart |
Tip of the heart pointing toward the 5th left intercostal space. |
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Apical impulse |
Point of maximal impulse. |
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Base of the heart |
Broader area of hearts outline located at the 3rd right and left intercostal space. |
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Bell of the stethoscope |
Cup-shaped end piece used for soft low pitched heart sounds. |
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Clubbing |
Bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges of fingers and toes that occurs with chronic cyanosis heart and lung conditions. |
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Coarctation of the aorta |
Severe narrowing of the descending aorta a congenital heart defect. |
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For pulmonale |
Right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension. |
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Diaphragm of the stethoscope |
Flat end piece of the stethoscope used for hearing relatively high pitched heart sounds. |
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Diastole |
The hearts filling stage. |
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Dyspnea |
Difficult labored breathing |
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Edema |
Swelling of legs or dependent body part due to increased interstitial fluid. |
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Erbs point |
Traditional ausculatory area in the 3rd intercostal space. |
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S1 |
Occurs with closure of the antriventricular valves signaling the beginning of systole. |
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Gallop rhythm |
The addition of a 3rd or 4th heart sound. |
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Inching |
Technique of moving the stethoscope incrementally across the precordium through the ausculatory areas while listening to the heart sounds. |
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Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) |
Increase in thickness of myocardial wall that occurs when the heart pumps against chronic outflow obstruction |
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Midclavicular line |
Imaginary verticality bisecting the middle of the clavicle in each hemithorax. |
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Mitral regurgitation |
Mitral insufficiency; incompetent mitral valve allows regurgitation of blood back into the left atrium during systole. |
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Mitral stenosis |
Calcified mitral valve impedes forward flow of blood into the left ventricle during diastole. |
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Mitral valve |
Left atrioventricular valve separating the left atrium and ventricle. |
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Palpitation |
Uncomfortable awareness of rapid or irregular heart rate. |
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Paradoxical splitting |
Opposite of a normal split s2 so that the split is heard in expiration and in inspiration the sounds fuse to one sound. |
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Pericardial friction rub |
High pitched scratchy extra cardiac sound heard when the precordium is inflamed. |
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Physiologic splitting |
Normal variation in s2 heard as 2 separate components during inspiration. |
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Precordium |
Area of the chest wall overlying the heart and great vessels. |
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Pulmonic regurgitation |
Pulmonic insufficiency |
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Pulmonic stenosis |
Calcification of pulmonic valve that restricts forward flow of blood during systole. |
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Pulmonic valve |
Right semilunar valve separating the right ventricle and pulmonary artery. |
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S2 |
Occurs with closer of the semilunar valves, signals end of systole |
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Summation gallop |
abnormal mid-diastolic heart sound heard when both s3 and s4 is present. |
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Summation gallop |
abnormal mid-diastolic heart sound heard when both s3 and s4 is present. |
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Syncope |
Temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased cerebral blood flow. |
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Syncope |
Temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased cerebral blood flow. |
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Thrill |
Palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying severe heart murmur |
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Tricuspid valve |
Right atrioventricular valve separating the right atrium and ventricle. |