Health-Wellness (Basics In Nursing)

Front 1

Traditionally, how was health defined?

Back 1

in the terms of the presence or absence of disease

Front 2

What is the definition of health by the WHO?

Back 2

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Front 3

(def)

a state of well being

Back 3

wellness

Front 4

(def)

practices that have potentially negative effects on health

Back 4

risk factors

Front 5

(def)

an alteration in body function resulting in a reduction of capacities or shortening of the normal life span

Back 5

disease

Front 6

(def)

a highly personal state in which the person feels unhealthy or ill, may or may not be related to disease

Back 6

illness

Front 7

(def)

activities directed toward the protection from or avoidance of potential health risks

Back 7

primary prevention

Front 8

(def)

activities designed for early diagnosis and treatment of disease or illness

Back 8

secondary prevention

Front 9

(def)

activities designed to restore individuals with disabilities to their optimal level of functioning

Back 9

tertiary prevention

Front 10

(def)

concepts about health that the individual believes are true

Back 10

health beliefs

Front 11

(def)

a method of organizing care delivery that emphasizes communication and coordination of care among all health care team members

Back 11

managed care

Front 12

(def)

the values and beliefs adopted by a person in daily life

Back 12

lifestyle

Front 13

(def)

a Medicare payments system to hospitals and physicians that establishes fees according to diagnosis

Back 13

Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs)

Front 14

(def)

A national and state health insurance program for US residents older than 65

Back 14

Medicare

Front 15

(def)

A US federal public assistance program paid out of general taxes and administered through the individual states to provide health care for those who require financial assistance

Back 15

Medicaid

Front 16

What are 7 components of Wellness?

Back 16

- physical
- social
- emotional
- intellectual
- spiritual
- occupational
- environmental

Front 17

(def)

a scale that measures illness and wellness in levels rather than a definite state

Back 17

Wellness-Illness Continuum

Front 18

What are 3 concepts of health that are withing a person's control?

Back 18

- health status
- health beliefs
- health behaviors

Front 19

What are examples of factors that influence health?

Back 19

- age
- gender
- genetic variance
- stage of development
- mind-body interactions
- self-concept
- lifestyle

Front 20

What are 3 examples of government funded health care programs?

Back 20

Medicare
Medicaid
Prospective Payment System (PPS)

Front 21

What are examples of items and services not covered by medicare?

Back 21

- acupuncture
- cosmetic surgery
- dental care
- eyeglasses
- hearing aids
- long-term care

Front 22

Medicare Part A covers what services?

Back 22

- hospital stay
- home health care
- hospice care
- skilled nursing facility stay
- blood

Front 23

Medicare Part B covers what services?

Back 23

- physician's services
- outpatient care
- other medical services
- some preventative services

Front 24

What are 2 examples of Group insurance plans?

Back 24

- HMOs
- PPOs

Front 25

What is Healthy People 2010?

Back 25

A set of disease prevention and health promotion objectives created by scientists both inside and outside the government

Front 26

Who manages Healthy People 2010?

Back 26

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, US Dept. of Health and Human Services

Front 27

What are the 2 overall goals of Healthy People 2010?

Back 27

- increase quality and years of healthy life
- eliminate health disparities

Front 28

In 1997, what were the top 3 leading causes of death as a percentage of all death in the US?

Back 28

- Heart Disease (31.4%)
- Cancer (23.3%)
- Stroke (6.9%)

Front 29

What are the 6 major risk factor categories for cancer?

Back 29

- lifestyle
- occupation
- physical environment
- virus
- genetic predisposition
- latrogenic risk

Front 30

What virus is known to cause cervical cancer?

Back 30

HPV

Front 31

What are 3 examples of latrogenic risks that may cause cancer?

Back 31

- hormonal agents
- immune suppressive agents (ex. organ transplantees)
- antineoplastic agents (ex. cancer treatment)

Front 32

The Gardasil vaccination protects against what types of HPV?

Back 32

6, 11, 16, 18

Front 33

____ % of Cervical Cancer cases are causes by HPV type 16 and 18.

Back 33

70%

Front 34

_____% of Genital Wart cases are caused by HPV type 6 and 11.

Back 34

90%

Front 35

What are examples of misc. risk factors for cancer?

Back 35

age, sex, race, geography, and socioeconomic environment

Front 36

Do men or women have a higher risk for cancer?

Back 36

men

Front 37

What are 3 early detection methods for breast cancer?

Back 37

- breast self-examination
- clinical breast examination
- mammography

Front 38

What are 6 early detection methods for Colorectal cancer?

Back 38

- guaiac-based fecal occult blood test or fecal immunochemical test
- Stool DNA test
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy
- Colonoscopy
- Double-contrast barium enema
- CT colongraphy

Front 39

What are 2 early detection methods for Prostate cancer?

Back 39

- PSA test (antigen test)
- digital rectal examination

Front 40

What early detection method is available for cervical cancer?

Back 40

Pap test

Front 41

What is the recommended age for Pap tests?

Back 41

Upon sexual activity or age 21 (whichever is first)

Front 42

What are 2 preventative measures for endometrial cancer after menopause?

Back 42

- being informed of risks and symptoms
- reporting any unexpected bleeding

Front 43

What is "bad" and "good" cholesterol?

Back 43

bad = LDL
good = HDL

Front 44

What personality type is at higher risk for CAD?

Back 44

Type A personality

Front 45

What risk factors should be reviewed for CAD?

Back 45

- age, gender, ethnicity
- family history
- increased serum/lipids
- hypertension
- smoking

Front 46

What are some preventative measures against CAD?

Back 46

- receive treatment to control high serum lipids, hypertension, or diabetes
- stop smoking
- maintain a healthy body weight
- exercise regularly
- eat right
- manage stress

Front 47

A patient has a regular check-up for CAD. What 3 methods may be employed?

Back 47

- EKG
- Exercise stress test
- chest x-ray

Front 48

What is a desirable blood serum cholesterol level?

Back 48

Less than 200 mg/dL

Front 49

What is a desirable triglyceride level?

Back 49

less than 150 mg/dL

Front 50

An HDL cholesterol of __ mg/dL or higher gives some protection against heart disease

Back 50

60

Front 51

What are common risk factors for stroke?

Back 51

- age
- gender
- race
- heredity
- hypertension
- cigarette smoking

Front 52

What population group is at greater risk for CAD?

Back 52

Middle aged white males

Front 53

What population group is at higher risk for stroke?

Back 53

African Americans

Front 54

What are the warning signs of Stroke?

Back 54

Sudden:

- numbness or weakness of one side of the body
- confusion, difficulty in speaking or comprehension
- having problems seeing
- dizziness, inability to maintain balance or coordination
- severe headache of unknown cause

Front 55

True/False:

Heart Disease and Diabetes are risk factors for stroke.

Back 55

True

Front 56

What are 5 preventative measures for Stroke?

Back 56

- treat hypertension
- stop smoking
- treat heart disease
- manage diabetes
- get help for transient ischemic attack