Health Vocab Ch. 22

Front 1

infectious diseases

Back 1

AKA communicable diseases; caused by organisms that enter, live in, and multiply within the human body

Front 2

microorganisms

Back 2

when organisms are so small that they can be seen only though a microscope

Front 3

pathogens

Back 3

organisms that cause disease

Front 4

bacteria

Back 4

simple, single-celled microorganisms that can live almost anywhere

Front 5

toxins

Back 5

poisons that are given off by some bacteria that injure cells

Front 6

tetanus

Back 6

a toxin produced by a type of bacteria found in soil and on objects

Front 7

viruses

Back 7

the smallest pathogens

Front 8

fungi

Back 8

small, simple organisms related to molds

Front 9

protozoans

Back 9

single-celled organisms that are hundreds of times larger and have a more complex structure than bacteria

Front 10

botulism

Back 10

a very serious and often deadly kind of food poisoning

Front 11

mucous membranes

Back 11

protective linings that are found in openings into your body, such as your mouth, eyes, and nose

Front 12

mucus

Back 12

a sticky liquid that covers the surface of the membranes

Front 13

cilia

Back 13

tiny hair-like structures that line your air passages and beat rhythmically, moving the mucus upward toward your mouth

Front 14

inflammation

Back 14

your body’s response to all kinds of injury; it fights infection and promotes healing

Front 15

phagocytes

Back 15

white blood cells that ‘eat up’ foreign cells

Front 16

Pus

Back 16

a thick, white liquid that is made by phagocytes

Front 17

Immune System

Back 17

your body’s last and most sophisticated line of defense against pathogens that produces a set of weapons for each kind of pathogen found in the body

Front 18

Immunity

Back 18

your body’s ability to destroy pathogens that it has previously encountered before the pathogens are able to cause disease

Front 19

Lymphatic System

Back 19

a network of vessels that collects fluid from the tissues of your body and returns it to the bloodstream

Front 20

Lymph

Back 20

the fluid that flows through the lymphatic system

Front 21

Lymphocytes

Back 21

the cells that carry out most of the immune system’s functions

Front 22

B Cells

Back 22

produce substances called antibodies

Front 23

Antibodies

Back 23

proteins that attach to the surface of pathogens or to the toxins produced by pathogens

Front 24

T Cells

Back 24

live in the blood and lymphatic system of your body

Front 25

Interferon

Back 25

one of the regulatory substances that T cells produce that stimulates phagocytes and other cells, including B cells, to fight off infection

Front 26

Active Immunity

Back 26

immunity that your own immune system creates

Front 27

Immunizations

Back 27

vaccinations; injections that cause you to become immune to a disease

Front 28

Vaccine

Back 28

the substance that is injected that contains small amounts of dead or modified pathogens or their toxins and causes your immune system to make antibodies to the pathogen

Front 29

Passive Immunity

Back 29

immunity that is acquired by receiving antibodies from another immune system

Front 30

Influenza

Back 30

a viral infection of the upper respiratory system

Front 31

Incubation Stage

Back 31

the time between entry of the virus and the time when you begin to feel ill

Front 32

Symptoms

Back 32

feelings caused by a disease

Front 33

Prodromal Stage

Back 33

when the first symptoms occur in which you may be contagious

Front 34

Fever

Back 34

a body temperature above 98.6 degrees F

Front 35

Acute Stage

Back 35

when your symptoms are most severe

Front 36

Recovery Stage

Back 36

when you begin to feel better

Front 37

Convalescence

Back 37

period between the end of infection and feeling really well

Front 38

Relapse

Back 38

return of disease during or soon after convalescence

Front 39

Antibiotics

Back 39

drugs that inhibit or kill bacteria and are prescribed to cure bacterial infections

Front 40

Pneumonia

Back 40

a serious infection of the lungs

Front 41

Rubella

Back 41

German measles; caused by a virus and is characterized by mild fever, rash, coughing, sneezing, sore throat, swollen glands and chest congestion

Front 42

Hepatitis

Back 42

inflammation of the liver

Front 43

Jaundice

Back 43

yellowing of the skin

Front 44

Tuberculosis

Back 44

a highly contagious bacterial infection that most often affects the lungs

Front 45

Infectious Mononucleosis

Back 45

AKA ‘mono’; a viral infection that causes the lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen to become swollen and tender

Front 46

Incubation Stage

Back 46

the time between entry of the virus and the time when you begin to feel ill

Front 47

Symptoms

Back 47

feelings caused by a disease

Front 48

Prodromal Stage

Back 48

when the first symptoms occur in which you may be contagious

Front 49

Fever

Back 49

a body temperature above 98.6 degrees F

Front 50

Acute Stage

Back 50

when your symptoms are most severe

Front 51

Recovery Stage

Back 51

when you begin to feel better

Front 52

Convalescence

Back 52

period between the end of infection and feeling really well

Front 53

Relapse

Back 53

return of disease during or soon after convalescence

Front 54

Antibiotics

Back 54

drugs that inhibit or kill bacteria and are prescribed to cure bacterial infections

Front 55

Pneumonia

Back 55

a serious infection of the lungs

Front 56

Rubella

Back 56

German measles; caused by a virus and is characterized by mild fever, rash, coughing, sneezing, sore throat, swollen glands and chest congestion

Front 57

Hepatitis

Back 57

inflammation of the liver

Front 58

Jaundice

Back 58

yellowing of the skin

Front 59

Tuberculosis

Back 59

a highly contagious bacterial infection that most often affects the lungs

Front 60

Infectious Mononucleosis

Back 60

AKA ‘mono’; a viral infection that causes the lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen to become swollen and tender

Front 61

Incubation Stage

Back 61

the time between entry of the virus and the time when you begin to feel ill

Front 62

Symptoms

Back 62

feelings caused by a disease

Front 63

Prodromal Stage

Back 63

when the first symptoms occur in which you may be contagious

Front 64

Fever

Back 64

a body temperature above 98.6 degrees F

Front 65

Acute Stage

Back 65

when your symptoms are most severe

Front 66

Recovery Stage

Back 66

when you begin to feel better

Front 67

Convalescence

Back 67

period between the end of infection and feeling really well

Front 68

Relapse

Back 68

return of disease during or soon after convalescence

Front 69

Antibiotics

Back 69

drugs that inhibit or kill bacteria and are prescribed to cure bacterial infections

Front 70

Pneumonia

Back 70

a serious infection of the lungs

Front 71

Rubella

Back 71

German measles; caused by a virus and is characterized by mild fever, rash, coughing, sneezing, sore throat, swollen glands and chest congestion

Front 72

Hepatitis

Back 72

inflammation of the liver

Front 73

Jaundice

Back 73

yellowing of the skin

Front 74

Tuberculosis

Back 74

a highly contagious bacterial infection that most often affects the lungs

Front 75

Infectious Mononucleosis

Back 75

AKA ‘mono’; a viral infection that causes the lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen to become swollen and tender