Head And Neck - Bones Of The Skull

Front 1

Skull divisions

Back 1

Mandible, Cranium, Viscerocranium, Neurocranium, Cranial vault, Cranial base

Front 2

Major skull openings

Back 2

Piriform aperture, Nasal cavities, Chonae, Oral cavity, Orbit, EAM, Foramen magnum

Front 3

Fossae

Back 3

Temporal fossa, Infratemporal fossa, Pterygopalatine fossa, Pituitary/hypophyseal fossa, Paranasal sinuses, Anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossa

Front 4

Paired bones

Back 4

Parietals, Temporaals, Lacrimals, Nasals, Inferior nasal conchae, Maxillae, Palatines, Zygomatics

Front 5

Unpaired bones

Back 5

Occipital, Sphenois, Frontal, Ethmoid, Vomer, Mandible

Front 6

Joints of skull

Back 6

Temporomandibular, malleus-incus, incus-stapes, sutures

Front 7

Composite structure - zygomatic arch

Back 7

Zygomatic process of temporal bone
Temporal process of zygomatic bone

Front 8

Composite structure - nasal septum

Back 8

Ethmoid, Palatines, Vomer, Septal cartilage

Front 9

Mandible features

Back 9

Ramus, Body, Angle, Condylar process, Coronoid process, Lingula, Mandibular foramen and canal, Mental foramen, Symphysis
Mylohyoid line, Sublingual fovea, Submandibular fovea, Digastric fossae, Genial tubercles/mental spines

Front 10

Temporal features

Back 10

Squamous part, Zygomatic process, Mandibular fossa, Articular tubercle, Tympanic plate, EAM, Styloid process, Petrous, Groove and hiatus for greater and lesser petrosal nerves, Petrous ridge, Trigeminal depression, Mastoind, Digastic notch, IAM

Front 11

Sphenoid features

Back 11

Greater wing, Lesser wing, Superior orbital fissure, Body, Pterygoid canals, Pterygoid processes, Medial plate, Hamulus, Lateral plate

Front 12

Ethmoid features

Back 12

Perependicular plate, Cribiform plate, Cristal galli, Orbital plate, Superior conchae, Middle conchae, Ethmoidal air cells, Ethmoidal labrinths, Ethmoidal bulla

Front 13

Skull sutures

Back 13

Cornal, Sagittal, Lamboid
Parietosquamous, Frontosphenoids, Zygomaticomaxillary, Zygomaticotemporal, Sphenosquamous, Parietomastoid, Occipitomastoid, Suture bones
Cruciate - intermaxillary, maxillary-palatine, interpalatine

Front 14

Landmarks - lateral skull

Back 14

Pterion, Asterion

Front 15

Landmarks - anterior skull

Back 15

Vertex, Gabella, Nasion, Superciliary arch, Supraorbital notch, Anterior nasal spine, midincial lines

Front 16

Landmarks - posterior skull

Back 16

Lambda, external occipital protuberence, superior and inferior nuchal lines

Front 17

Landmarks - Inferior skull

Back 17

Posterior nasal spine, basion, opisthion, occipital condyles, pharyngeal tubercle

Front 18

Landmarks - Interior skull

Back 18

Cristal galli, sella turcica, anterior and posterior clinoid processes, clivus, frontal crest, internal occipital protuberance, grooves for middle meningeal vessels

Front 19

Optic canal

Back 19

Anterior cranial fossa - Orbit
Optic nerve
Ophthalmic artery

Front 20

Superior orbital fissure

Back 20

Middle cranial fossa - Orbit
Oculomotor nerve, Trochlear nerve, Ophthalmic nerve, Abducent nerve
Superior ophthalmic vein

Front 21

Inferior orbital fissure

Back 21

Pterygopalatine fossa - Orbit
Infraorbital nerve, zygomatic nerve
Infraorbital vessels, Inferior ophthalmic vein

Front 22

Suparorbital foramen

Back 22

Orbit - forehead
Supraorbital nerve
Supraorbital vessels

Front 23

Infraorbital foramen

Back 23

Orbit - midface
Infraorbital nerve
Infraorbital vessels

Front 24

Zygomaticofacial foramen

Back 24

Orbit - cheek
Zygomaticofacial nerve
Zygomaticofacial vessels

Front 25

Zygomaticotemporal foramen

Back 25

Orbit - temple
Zygomaticotemporal nerve
Zygomaticotemporal vessels

Front 26

Nasolacrimal canal

Back 26

Orbit - lateral nasal wall
Nasolacrimal duct

Front 27

Foramen caecum

Back 27

Anterior cranial fossa - nasal cavity
Emissary veins

Front 28

Cribiform plate

Back 28

Anterior cranial fossa - nasal cavity
Olfactory nerves

Front 29

Sphenopalatine foramen

Back 29

Pterygopalatine fossa - nasal cavity
Nasopalatine nerve, nasal nerves
Sphenopalatine artery

Front 30

Mental foramen

Back 30

Mandibular canal - chin
Mental nerve
Mental vessels

Front 31

Parietal foramina

Back 31

Scalp - superior sagittal sinus
Emissary veins

Front 32

Incisive foramina

Back 32

Nasal cavity - oral cavity
Nasopalatine nerve
Sphenopalatine vessels

Front 33

Greater palatine foramen

Back 33

Palatine canal - oral cavity
Greater palatine nerve
Greater palatine vessels

Front 34

Lesser palatine foramen

Back 34

Palatine canal - oral cavity
Lesser palatine nerve
Lesser palatine vessels

Front 35

Foramen rotundum

Back 35

Middle cranial fossa - pterygopalatine fossa
Maxillary nerve

Front 36

Pterygoid canal

Back 36

Middle cranial fossa - pterygopalatine fossa
Nerve of pterygoid canal
Vessels of pterygoid canal

Front 37

Palatovaginal canal

Back 37

Pterygopalatine fossa - pharynx
Pharyngeal nerves
Pharyngeal vessels

Front 38

Foramen ovale

Back 38

Middle cranial fossa - base of skull
Mandibular nerve, Lesser petrosal nerve

Front 39

Foramen spinosum

Back 39

Base of skull - middle cranial fossa
Middle meningeal artery

Front 40

Foramen lacerum

Back 40

Filled with cartilage

Front 41

Carotid canal

Back 41

Base of skull - middle cranial fossa
Internal carotid artery
Sympathetic plexus

Front 42

Foramen magnum

Back 42

Posterior cranial fossa - base of skull
Spinal cord, Sympathetic plexus, Roots of accessory nerve
Vertebral arteries, Anterior spinal artery, Posterior spinal arteries
Meninges

Front 43

Condylar canal

Back 43

Base of skull - posterior cranial fossa
Emissary veins

Front 44

Mastoid foramen

Back 44

Base of skull - posterior cranial fossa
Emissary veins

Front 45

Hypoglossal canal

Back 45

Posterior cranial fossa - base of skull
Hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal vessels

Front 46

Jugular foramen

Back 46

Posterior cranial fossa - base of skull
Internal jugular vein, Inferior petrosal sinus
Glossopharyngeal nerve, Vagus nerve, Spinal accessory nerve

Front 47

Stylomastoid foramen

Back 47

Facial canal - base of skull
Facial nerve

Front 48

Hiatus for greater petrosal nerve

Back 48

Pterous temporal - middle cranial fossa
Greater petrosal nerve

Front 49

Hiatus for lesser petrosal nerve

Back 49

Petrous temporal - middle cranial fossa
Lesser petrosal nerve

Front 50

Internal acustic meatus

Back 50

Middle cranial fossa - petrous temporal
Facial nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve
Labyrinthe artery