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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Umbilicus Levels
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L3 and L4
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Processus Vaginalis
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Portion of peritoneum that remains with testes when they descend into scrotum
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2 layers of superficial fascia
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Campers
Scarpa's |
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Campers fascia
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Fatty layer of superficial fascia, found throughout the abdomen
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Scarpa's fascia
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Lower 1/3 of anterior abdominal wall
-Intersects with fascia lata at inguinal ligament |
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External abdominal oblique muscle
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Origin - border of thoracic ribs T5-T12
Insertion- linea alba, iliac crest Fiber direction - hands in pockets |
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Aponeurosis portion of external abdominal oblique forms
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Inguinal ligament
Superficial inguinal ring |
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Superficial inguinal ring allows passage of
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Spermatic cord in males
round ligament of uterus in females |
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Superficial inguinal ring is made of
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Lateral and medial crus, intercrural fibers separate them
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Internal abdominal oblique
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Origin -ribs 7-12
Insert - along inguinal ligament to pubic crest Fiber direction - inferolateral |
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Transversus abdominus
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Deep most layer of flat muscles
Also borders on ribs 7-12, extends down to pubic crest and linea alba Creates diagonal pathway for spermatic cord or round ligament to pass through Fiber direction - transverse |
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Rectus Abdominis is different from all other abdominal muscles because its a ....
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Straight muscle
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Rectus abdominis passes from
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Xyphoid process to pubic symphysis
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Rectus sheath
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Holds rectus abdominis in place
Made by three aponeuroses - of external abdominal oblique, internal abd oblique and transversus abdominis |
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Arcuate line divides
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upper 3/4 of abdomen from lower 3/4 of abdomen
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Peritoneum fnction
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secretes serous fluid that allows frictionless movement of organs
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What is the best place to make surgical cut and not to hit any nerves
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Linea alba
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Nervous supply of anterior wall
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Ventral rami of T7-T12, L1
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Ilioinguinal nerve
1. Where it goes 2. what it supplies |
Goes through inguinal canal with spermatic cord and round ligament
Supplies scrotum or labia majora and medial aspect of thigh |
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Iliohypogastric nerve
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Directly superior to ilioinguinal
Innervates suprapubic area |
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Arterial supply of anterior wall
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Superior epigastric- runs directly over rectus abdominis
Inferior epigastric Superficial epigastric |
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Which vessels are in danger when draining peritoneal fluid
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Superior or inferior epigastric veins
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Inguinal canal is formed by
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aponeuroses of three flat abdominal muscles
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Hasselbachs triangle
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is area of weakness in aponeuroses where direct hernias can occur
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Borders of Hasselbachs triangle
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Rectus abdominis
Inferior epigastric artery Inguinal ligament |
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Conjoint tendon is formed by
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joining of aponeurosis of internal oblique and transversus muscles
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Direct inguinal hernia
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Gut goes straight through Hasselbachs triangle, through conjoint tendon
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Indirect inguinal hernia
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Gut goes through the inguinal canal
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Indirect hernia can be
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Congenital - born with it
Acquired - obesity, pregnancy, surgery, ascites |
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Peritoneal cavity is closed in males or females?
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Males
In females opens into cervix and vagina, making a potential space for pathogens to enter |
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Lesser omentum
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Peritoneum along lesser curvature of stomach, covering pancreas
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Mesentery
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Two layers of peritoneum opposing one another
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What usually goes in mesentery
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Vessels and nerves
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THE mesentery connects
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small intestine to posterior abdominal wall
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Root of mesentery
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is where mesentery connects to posterior wall
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