Anatomy - Abdomen

Front 1

Muscles of the abdominal wall

Back 1

External oblique, internal oblique, transverse, rectus abdominus, transversalis fascia

Front 2

What structures form the roof of the inguinal canal?

Back 2

Internal abdominal oblique and transverse abdominus muscles

Front 3

What structures form the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Back 3

Aponeurosis of the external and internal abodminal oblique muscles

Front 4

What structures form the floor of the inguinal canal?

Back 4

Inguinal ligament

Front 5

What structures form the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Back 5

Transversalis fascia (laterally) and cojoined tendon (medial)

Front 6

What are the contents of the spermatic cord and where do they derive from?

Back 6

External spermatic fascia (derives from external oblique fascia), middle spermatic fascia and cremaster muscle (internal oblique muscle), internal spermatic fascia (transversalis fascia), testicular artery, Pampiniform venous plexus, vas deferens

Front 7

Where and what forms the deep inguinal ring?

Back 7

Its formed by the transversalis fascia just lateral of the inferior epigastric vessels

Front 8

Direct inguinal hernia

Back 8

Protrussion through the posterior wall of inguinal canal medial to the inferior epigastric vessels and deep inguinal ring

Front 9

Indirect inguinal herna

Back 9

Protrussion through the deep ingiunal ring and courses through the inguinal canal

Front 10

What is the cause of a congenial indirect inguinal hernia?

Back 10

Persistence of the process vaginalis

Front 11

MCC site of femoral hernia

Back 11

Medial from femoral vein just below inguinal canal. MC in women.

Front 12

Bones of the posterior abdominal wall

Back 12

Ileum (iliac crest, iliac fossa), five lumbar vertebra, 12th rib, lesser trocanter of femur

Front 13

Muscles of the posterior abdominal wall

Back 13

Psoas, quadratus lumborum, iliacus

Front 14

Muscle that flexes the hip

Back 14

Psoas major

Front 15

Lobes of the liver

Back 15

Right and left lobes divided by the falciform ligament. Right lobe is subdivided into quadrate, proper and caudate lobes

Front 16

Omental bursa

Back 16

Cavity behind the stomach, has epiploic foramen

Front 17

Structures of the epiploic foramen

Back 17

Anteriorly the [prtal vein and hepatoduodenal ligament. Posteriorly the inferior vena cava.

Front 18

Structures and associations of the portal triad

Back 18

Portal vein, hepatic artery and common bile duct. Associated with the hepatoduodenal ligament and the free border of the lesser omentum

Front 19

How is the common bile duct formed?

Back 19

By the cystic (gallbladder) duct and the common hepatic duct

Front 20

What are the pancreatic ducts and where do they open?

Back 20

Major duct of Wirsung (developes from ventral pancreatic diverticulum) and minor duct of Santorini (develop from dorsal pancreatic diverticulum). They open into the 2nd portion of the duodenum.

Front 21

Irrigation of the pancreas

Back 21

The head is irrigated by superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries. The body and tail from the splenic arteries.

Front 22

Major branches of the abdominal aorta

Back 22

Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric, right and left renal arteries. It bifurcates into the common iliac arteries which further divide into the internal and external iliac arteries.

Front 23

Branches of the celiac trunk

Back 23

Left gastric artery (lesser curvature of stomach), splenic artery, common hepatic artery

Front 24

Branches of the common hepatic artery

Back 24

Proper hepatic artery and gastroduodenal arteries. Gastroduodenal artery branches into gastroepiploic artery (major curvature of stomach) and pancreaticoduodenal artery.

Front 25

Irrigation of the colon

Back 25

Cecum, ascending colon and proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon irrigated by superior mesenteric artery. Distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid and rectum irrigated by inferior mesenteric artery

Front 26

Branches of the superior mesenteric artery

Back 26

Ileocolic, right colic and middle colic arteries.

Front 27

Branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

Back 27

Left colic, sigmoid and superior rectal arteries