Government Chapter 1

Front 1

____________ are all of the many goals that a government pursues in all the many areas of human affairs in which it is involved.

Back 1

Public Policies

Front 2

A ________ is a body of people living in a defined territory who have a government with the power to make and enforce laws without the consent of a higher power.

Back 2

State

Front 3

A __________ is the body of fundamental laws setting out the principle structures and processes of a government.

Back 3

Constitution

Front 4

A __________ is the joining of several groups for a common purpose.

Back 4

Confederation

Front 5

A _______________ is a government where all powers belong to a single central agency.

Back 5

Unitary Government

Front 6

A _____________ is a government in which powers are divided between a central or national government and several regional governments.

Back 6

Federal Government

Front 7

A form of government in which the leader has absolute power and authority is a called a _____________.

Back 7

Dictatorship

Front 8

An adjustment of opposing principles or systems by modifying some aspect of each is called making a ___________.

Back 8

Compromise

Front 9

Having supreme power within its own territory means that a state has ____________.

Back 9

Sovereignty

Front 10

In a ___________________ style of government, the executive branch is made up of the Prime Minister and is subject to the power of the legislature.

Back 10

Parliamentary Government

Front 11

The ___________ power is the power to interpret the laws and determine their meaning.

Back 11

Judicial

Front 12

The ______________ style of government is when the executive and legislative branches are separate, independent and co-equal.

Back 12

Presidential Government

Front 13

The form of dictatorship where a single person holds unlimited power is called a ___________.

Back 13

Autocracy

Front 14

The form of dictatorship where the power is help by a small, self appointed group is called an ___________.

Back 14

Oligarchy

Front 15

The form of government in which the supreme authority rests with the people is called ______________.

Back 15

Democracy

Front 16

The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies is called ________________.

Back 16

Government

Front 17

The power to execute, enforce, and administer the law is called the _______________ power.

Back 17

Executive

Front 18

The power to make laws and frame public policies is called the ____________ power.

Back 18

Legislative

Front 19

3 Basic Kinds of Power

Back 19

legislative, executive, and judicial

Front 20

Who has the power to use these powers?

Back 20

Dictatorship and Democracy

Front 21

FOUR characteristics of a state:

Back 21

1. population- people

2. territory- land

3. sovereignty- absolute power within the territory

4. government- politically organized

Front 22

FOUR main theories

Back 22

1. force- small group claimed control over an area and forced rule

2. evolutionary- the state developed naturally out of the early family

3. divine right- God created the state and God gave those of royal birth the right to rule

4. social contract- state arose of a voluntary act of free people, state exists to serve the will of the people

Front 23

Purpose of the American government

Back 23

1. form a more perfect union- better conditions than living under the British

2. establish justice- king made the decisions and fair trials in U.S.A.

3. insure domestic tranquility- keeping peace, safety and being comfortable

4. provide for the common defense- military to protect us from outside forces

5. promote the general welfare- public education, bridges, roads, hospitals, etc.

6. secure the blessings of liberty- to have rights that are respected and protecting our freedom

Front 24

Which of the following is NOT an especially important classification of governments?

A. geographic distribution of power

B. relationship between legislature and executive

C. era during which government existed

D. number of persons who may take part in governing process

Back 24

C. era during which government existed

Front 25

Which of the following is a principal characteristic of a presidential form of government?

A. the legislature selects the members of the executive branch

B. the executive and legislative branches each can check the actions of the other branch

C. the executive remains in office only as long as it has the confidence of the legislature

D. the branches of government do not experience prolonged conflict with each other

Back 25

B. the executive and legislative branches each can check the actions of the other branch

Front 26

A typical way for a dictator to gain power is by...

A. force

B. democratic election

C. appointment of a king

D. divine right

Back 26

A. force...duh

Front 27

In a democracy, sovereignty is located with...

A. one person

B. one group

C. the rich

D. the people

Back 27

D. the people

Front 28

In a parliamentary government, the prime minister...

A. has absolute power

B. is chosen by the people

C. is subject to the legislature's control

D. is chosen by the executive's department

Back 28

C. is subject to the legislature's control

Front 29

Which of the following statements about sovereign states is NOT true?

A. sovereign states decide their own foreign and domestic policies

B. sovereign states may be possessed by other states

C. a dictatorship may exist in a sovereign state

D. sovereign states have supreme power within their own territories

Back 29

B. sovereign states may be possessed by other states

Front 30

SHORT ANSWER:

What are the 3 basic kinds of power that every government possesses? Who holds these powers in the United States?

Back 30

Legislative- congress

Executive- president

Judicial- supreme court

Front 31

Where are the 3 powers typically outlined?

Back 31

the constitution

Front 32

What are the 4 characteristic of a State? Name at least 3 States.

Back 32

Population

Territory

Sovereignty

Government

STATES: USA, Canada, and North Korea

Front 33

ESSAY:

List and briefly explain the four main theories of why/how States were created. Which theory represents the United States?

Back 33

Force Theory- take power by force

Social Contract (USA)- free people voluntarily make the government

Divine Right- God gives power and chooses the ruler

Evolutionary Theory- evolved from family

Front 34

ESSAY:

What are the six purposes of American government?

Back 34

1. Form a more perfect union

2. Establish justice

3. Ensure domestic tranquility

4. Provide for the common defense

5. Promote the general welfare

6. Secure the blessings of Liberty

Front 35

What are the 3 main ways to classify government?

Back 35

1. who can participate

2. geographic distribution of power

3. relationship between legislative and executive branches

Front 36

SHORT ANSWER:

What are the 2 classifications for "Who can participate"? Give an example for each.

Back 36

1. Dictatorship- North Korea, Cuba

2. Democracy- U.S.A., Canada, Mexico

Front 37

Which of these is the most common throughout history?

A. Dictatorship

B. Democracy

Back 37

A. Dictatorship

Front 38

Explain the difference between a direct and indirect democracy. Which one applies to the United States?

Back 38

Direct Democracy- people vote and that becomes the law

Indirect Democracy (U.S.A.)- elected representatives vote on the laws for you

Front 39

What are the three classifications for "Geographic distribution of power"? Give an example of a country for each.

Back 39

Unitary- Great Britain

Federal- United States

Confederation- Articles of Confederation & South during the Civil War

Front 40

What are the 2 classifications for "Relationship between legislative and executive branches"? Which one applies to the United States?

Back 40

1. Parliamentary

2. Presidential- U.S.A.

Front 41

SHORT ANSWER:

Name the 5 foundations of American democracy.

Back 41

1. Word of individual

2. Equality of ALL people

3. Majority rule, minority rights

4. Necessity of compromise

5. Individual freedoms

Front 42

Give an example of the "needs of the many outweighing the needs of the few"

Back 42

paying taxes, stopping at a stop sign

Front 43

When I say "equality of ALL persons", what specifically does that guarantee?

Back 43

1. equality of opportunity

2. equality before the law

Front 44

What is meant by majority rule, minority rights?

Back 44

majority will win elections, BUT minority parties can still participate in government

Front 45

SHORT ANSWER:

Explain what is meant by the quote "The right to swing my fist ends where the other man's nose begins."

Back 45

You have rights but there are limits to them.

Front 46

What type of economy does the United States have?

Back 46

mixed economy

Front 47

An advertisement that includes a celebrity endorsement

Back 47

Celebrity testimonials

Front 48

Calling a certain someone out for being bad or wrong

Back 48

Name calling

Front 49

Crowd or group effort trying to persuade you

Back 49

Bandwagon argument

Front 50

all about you...it is perfect for you and with it you will be the best you. It claims that what you buy will make your life better

Back 50

Multiple identities

Front 51

trying to scare you, but it is making you believe something or someone too. "If you don't get this product, something bad will happen to you."

Back 51

Scare tactics