Global History Regents - The Ancient World - Ms Possee

Front 1

The Neolithic Revolution

Back 1

The Neolithic Revolution is the invention of farming.
It led to a food surplus, job specialization and ultimately the development of civilizations.

Front 2

Subsistence Farming

Back 2

Producing just enough food for a family’s survival

Front 3

Commercial Farming

Back 3

Harvesting a surplus of crops to be sold for profit

Front 4

Hunters and Gatherers

Back 4

Peoples who moved frequently as they searched for the food they needed for survival

Front 5

Great Rift Valley

Back 5

Location in East Africa where early humans first appeared

Front 6

Mesopotamia

Back 6

Fertile land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers where the first civilizations appeared (also known as the Fertile Crescent)

Front 7

Code of Hammurabi

Back 7

First code of law in History, written by the Babylonian king Hammurabi (in Mesopotamia).
It promotes harsh punishments (an eye for an eye) and different consequences based on social class.

Front 8

Gupta Empire

Back 8

Ancient Indian civilization (India’s Golden Age).
Famous for achievements in arts, literature, sciences, and maths (particularly the invention of the concept of zero and the decimal system)

Front 9

Caste System

Back 9

Social Hierarchy in India.
There was very little social mobility (meaning it was almost impossible to move from one social class to another)

Front 10

River Valley Civilizations

Back 10

Every ancient civilization developed near rivers (for agriculture)
Mesopotamia - Tigris and Euphrates
Egypt - Nile
India - Indus and Ganges
China - Yellow and Yangtze

Front 11

Shang Dynasty

Back 11

First Chinese civilization - they believed in ancestor worship and invented logographs (the Chinese characters, where each character represents a word)

Front 12

Qin Dynasty

Back 12

Dynasty of the first Emperor of China - Shi Hunagdi. He believed in legalism - the belief that harsh punishments are necessary to create a stable society

Front 13

Mandate of Heaven

Back 13

Chinese belief that the Emperor receives its power from God (similar to divine right)

Front 14

Ancient Athens

Back 14

Ancient Greek city-state:
- Invented democracy
- Promoted arts, literature, philosophy, and sciences
- Became extremely wealthy through trade

Front 15

Ancient Sparta

Back 15

Ancient Greek city-state:
- Promoted physical fitness and militarism
- Spartan women had more rights than anywhere else in the Ancient World

Front 16

Alexander the Great

Back 16

Greek ruler who conquered a huge Empire, from Greece to India.
He spread Hellenistic (Greek) culture with his conquests.

Front 17

Twelve Tables

Back 17

Code of Law of the Roman Empire

Front 18

Roman Empire

Back 18

Huge Empire that controlled the Mediterannean Region for 500 years.
Rome’s legacy is its Republican form of government (people elect representatives to the Senate) and its extensive road system.
Rome eventually collapsed because of internal problems (heavy taxes, bad leaders, territory too large to control) and invasions from Germanic tribes.

Front 19

Bantu Migration

Back 19

The Bantu people from West Africa migrated to South Africa in search of more food and resources.
They imported their language to South Africa (cultural diffusion)