Global History And Geography Regents Review Packet

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Historians-

Back 1

Study written records of past events.

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Geographers-

Back 2

Study the earth's surface and it's impact on humans. They often examine topography,(physical land features), climate, human migrations, and the way humans adapt to different environments. they often examine two types of maps.

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Political Maps-

Back 3

Show countries, their borders, and Capital Cities.

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Physical Maps-

Back 4

Show Topography(land features such as mountains, rivers, lakes, etc.

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Economics-

Back 5

Studies how societies use available resources.Often ask and try to answer 3 questions about civilization.

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Anthropologists-

Back 6

Study past and present human cultures.

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Archaeologists-

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Examine the culture of past human societies through analysis of physical remains(artifacts).

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Primary sources-

Back 8

A firsthand record of a historical event created by a person who did not actually experienced the event. (diaries,photographs,artifacts,autobiographies).

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Secondary sources-

Back 9

A secondhand record of a historical event created by a person who did not exactly experienced the event.(textbooks,encyclopedias,biographies)

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Agriculture-

Back 10

Farm

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Domesticate-

Back 11

raise animals for food and drinks.

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Nomads-

Back 12

People who wander from place to place hunting and gathering for food.

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Food surplus-

Back 13

Steady food supply.

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Civilization-

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A complex and highly organized society that includes government, social classes, ob specialization, a food surplus, writing and religious beliefs.

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River Valleys-

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Low areas of land next to rivers.

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Irrigated

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Watered

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Egypt-

Back 17

Location: Northeastern Africa

Major rivers: Nile River

Characteristics and Achievements: Developed Hieroglyphics and constructed pyramids

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Hieroglyphics-

Back 18

Writing using picture symbols.

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Pyramids-

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Massive structures used to bury Egyptian Pharaohs.

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Pharaohs-

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Kings

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Mesopotamia(Sumer)-

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Location: Middle East

Major rivers: Tigris River and Euphrates River

Characteristics and Achievements:

Developed cuneiform and Code Of Hammurabi

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Cuneiform-

Back 22

writing system using wedge- shaped symbols.

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Code Of Hammurabi-

Back 23

Oldest written set of laws in the world that is known for its strict(harsh) punishments of crimes.

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Harappan Civilization-

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Location: India

Major Rivers: Indus River

Achievements: The Urban(city) areas of Harappan Civilization were organized and well planned.

Note: Early societies in India(and areas of SouthEast Asia) were very affected by seasonal monsoons.

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Monsoons-

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Winds that brought rain needed to farm(but too much rain caused dangerous flooding.)

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China-

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Major Rivers: Yellow (Huang He) River and Yangtze River

They were very isolated from other civilizations because China was surrounded by natural boundaries.

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Natural Boundaries-

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Mountains and desserts.

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Common Features-

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Many ancient societies had important traits in common:

1. They Existed in River Valley regions.

2. they were all polytheistic- People believed n many gods associated with nature like sun god, rain god, wind god.

3. They often had traditional economic systems with the following characteristics...

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Barter-

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Trade without using money.

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Subsistence agriculture-

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Farming in which the crops are used only to feed the farmer and his family. Food is not usually for a profit.

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