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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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why should you perform auscultation before palpation?
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because palpation may cause peristalic movement
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what are bowel sounds caused by?
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air and fluid moving through th intestinal tact, and are heard as sft gurgles and clicks every 5-15 secons |
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what should you asses for if hyperactive, high-pitched sounds are heard in one quadrant, and decreased sounds are heard in another quadrant?
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assess for N/V, pt may have an intestinal bstruction |
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what does percussion detect?
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excessive air in the intestinal tract, which occurs with irritation and inflammation |
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how do you asses ascites?
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by placing the pt supine and exposing the abdomen. With the pts arms at the sides and knees flexed, observe for bulging flanks, indicating fluid accumulation
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what are some causes for a diminished interest in eating?
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poorly fitting dentures, stomatitis, decaying teeth, halitosis, and a bad taste in the mouth |
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with age why does taste and smell diminish?
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because of zinc deficiency |
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what is a frequent cause of anorexia in the elderly pt? |
polypharmacy (taking many medications)
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how is flatus (gas) formed?
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by the action of digestive juices and bacteria on the ingested material, resulting in bloating |
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a diet low in fiber or inadequate fluid intake predisposes to what?
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constipation |
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when should treatment for diarrhea begin?
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If it persist for 24-48 hours or the number of stools is so excessive that great quanities of fluid are lost |
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what are s/s of diarrhea? |
multiple liquid or semiliquid bowel movements, hyperactive bowel sounds, and abdominal cramping |
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hoe is anorexia nervosa classified?
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as a psychological disorder |
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when is a person considered obese? |
if he wig more than 20% above the ideal weight for his height, age, and boy type |
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what BMI indicates obesity? |
more than 30 |
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what does bariatric surgery do?
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reduces gastric capacity |
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what are three common types of bariatric surgery?
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1. gastric restrictive 2.malabsorptive 3. gastric restrictive combined with malabsorptive surgery |
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what are RYGB pts at risk for?
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dumping syndrome |
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what does dumping syndrome result in? |
nausea, weakness, sweating, and diarrhea |
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what is stomatitis? |
generalize inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth |
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what are causes of stomatitis? |
trauma from ill- fitting dentures or malocclusion of teeth, poo oral hygiene, ad nutritional deficiencies, excessive smoking, excessive drinking of alcohol, pathogenic microorganisms, radiation therapy, and drugs ( especially those used in chemotherapy for malignancies and anticonvulsants) |
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what does dysphagia mean?
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difficulty swallowing |
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what is dysphagia a symptom of and what does it feel like? |
symptom of disorders of the esophagus and varies from a mil sensation that something is sticking in the throat, to a complete inability to swallow liquids or solids |
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what are oral and pharynageal cancer risks?
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cigarette smoking, use of smokeless tobacco, pipe smoking, and heavy alcohol use |
