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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four eras in order? |
PreCambrian Paleozoic Cenozoic Mesozoic |
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What three periods make up the PreCambrian in order? |
Hadean Archean Proterozoic |
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What six periods make up the Paleozoic? |
Cambrian Ordovician Silurian Devonian Carboniferous Permian |
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What three periods make up the Cenozoic? |
Triassic Jurassic Cretaceous |
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What three periods make up the Mesozoic? |
Paleogene Neogene Quaternary |
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What three epochs make up the Paleogene? |
Paleocene Eocene Oligocene |
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What two periods make up the Neogene? |
Miocene Pliocene |
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What two periods make up the Quaternary? |
Pleistocene Holocene |
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What marks the end of the Hadean? |
Heavy Bombardment ceased |
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What are the three things that happened dealing with geology in the Hadean? |
Earth formed layers formed Moon formed |
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What happened regarding life in the Archean? (3) |
First evidence of life stromatolites organic carbon particles |
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What two things happened regarding Geology in the Archean? |
Orogen of continents O2 very low |
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What are the two points for O2 very low in the Archean? |
1. Banded Iron Formation 2. Greenstone Belts |
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When was the Great Oxidation Event? |
2.3 Billion Years ago in the Proterozoic |
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What three things were evidence of the Great Oxidation Event in the Proterozoic? |
banded-iron formations got rate pyrite rare redbeds abundant |
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When was the first glaciation? |
2.26 Billion years ago in the Proterozoic |
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What caused the first glaciation in the proterozoic? |
O2+CH4 yields CO2 (Methane was oxidized) |
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What happened as far as life in the Cambrian? |
marine invertebrate explosion |
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What was going on Geology-wise in the Cambrian? |
Laurentia was in the north, Baltica was in the west, Siberia was in the East, and Gondwanaland and South |
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What was going life-wise in the Ordovician? |
No life on land |
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What was going on with marine-life in the Ordovician? |
Diverse marine life |
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What happened regarding geology in the Ordovician? |
Gondwana land, Baltica, and Avalonia moved northward toward Laurentia and Siberia |
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What happened climate wise in the Ordovician? |
Global cooling |
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When were the four mass extinctions? |
Between the Ordovician and Silurian Between the Devonian and the Carboniferous Between the Permian and the Triassic Between the Cretaceous and the Paleogene (tertiary) (K/T Mass Extinction) |
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What was going on with plant life in the Silurian? |
First spore plant invaded the land |
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What was going on with marine life in the Silurian? |
Jawless fish led to the first Jawed Fish |
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What happened with geology in the Silurian? |
Baltica moved north, Avalonia wrecked into Laurentia, creating the Taconic Orogeny |
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What happened regarding plant life in the Devonian? |
There was the first wooded tree (first forest) The Devonian explosion of vascular plants |
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What happened with marine life in the Devonian? |
Jawed fish were diverse Ammonoid (Nautiloid) [index fossil] |
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What happened with land animals in the Devonian? |
Lobe-finned fish led to amphibians Animal invasion on land |
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What were the three steps for Animal invasion on land in the Devonian? |
Create a habitat Stabilize the land Change the climate |
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What happened with Geology in the Devonian? |
Laurentia, Baltica, and Avalonia collided to form the Acadian orogeny Double collision formed Eurasia. |
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What happened climate-wise in the Devonian? |
Glaciation |
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What happened with plant-life in the carboniferous? |
Gynosperms Seed fern Coal Swamp |
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What happened with the marine-life in the Carboniferous? |
fusuloids crinoid ray-finned fish shark emerged |
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When did Fusuloids die? |
at the end of the Permian |
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What happened with land animals in the Carboniferous? |
rise of reptile (egg) insect amphibians land animals diverse |
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What happened regarding geology in the Carboniferous? |
Gondwanaland led to Euramerica led to the Alleghanian Orogeny |
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What periods were dominated by gymnosperms? |
Permian Triassic Jurassic Cretaceous |
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What happened with the Marine life in the Permian? |
Same thing as in the Carboniferous |
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What happened regarding land animals in the Permian? |
Therapsids (mammal-like) reptiles |
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What happened with Geology in the Permian? |
Siberia collides with Gondwanaland + Euramerica and created the Ural Mountain |
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What happened climate wise in the Permian? |
Dry Climate Large Pangea Rain Shadow |
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What happened regarding marine animals in the Triassic? |
Dinoflagellate coccoliths Plankton stromatolites appeared for a short time |
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What happened regarding land animals in the Triassic? |
Therapsids gone (left the legacy of mammals) Therapsids |
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Three points for geology in the Triassic |
Pangea started to rift Pangea fully formed Siberian Trap |
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What happened regarding Jurassic marine-life? |
Marine reptiles fish sharks |
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What happened regarding Jurassic land life? |
1st frog 1st turtle Dinosaurs |
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When did dinosaurs go extinct? |
K/T Mass Extinction at the end of the Cretaceous |
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What happened geology wise in the Jurassic? |
West America grew Atlantic Opened Gulf of Mexico opened (evaporite) North America separated from South America |
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Why happened with sea level in the Jurassic and why? |
high sea level due to large mid-ocean ridge |
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What does "creta" mean? |
Chalk |
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What happened regarding plants in the cretaceous? |
angiosperms (flowering) 1. Cycad 2. Gingo 3. Conifers |
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What happened regarding marine life in the Cretaceous? |
Foram and coccoliths (CaCO3) turned to calcareous ooze, which turned to chalk |
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What happened regarding land life in the Cretaceous? |
mammals developed |
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What happened regarding geology in the cretaceous? |
Western America expanded East: sediment Antartica still connected in Australia Gondwanaland drifted (South America, Africa, and India) Greenland rifted form North America |
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What two things happened when Greenland rifted from North America? |
1. reduced mountain building 2. warm ocean water |
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What happened regarding climate in the Cretaceous? |
green-house climate |
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When did flowering plants dominate? |
the Paleogene, Neogene, Quaternary (now) |
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What happened regarding animals in the paleocene? |
1st whale |
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What happened regarding geology in the Paleocene? |
Greenland rifted from Eurasia Meteorite impact Atlantic and arctic mixed |
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What are three signs of meteorite impact? |
iridium shocked quartz microspherules |
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What happened on land regarding animals in the Eocene? |
Primates Mammals radiated |
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What happened regarding geology in the Eocene? |
South America moved northward Drake passage |
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What happened climate wise in the Eocene? |
beginning of ice sheet |
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What happened regarding animals in the Oligocene? |
Monkey Apes |
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What happened regarding geology in the Oligocene? |
Australia rifted from Antartica Circumpolar current |
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What happened regarding animals in the Miocene?
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Coma Hominid |
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What happened regarding climate in the Miocene? |
ice sheet on Northern hemisphere About 15ma: rise of himalaya expanded ice sheet of Antartica |
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What happened regarding animals in the Pliocene? |
Early homo
4 Ma - Australopithicus |
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What happened regarding Geology in the Pliocene? |
5.2 ma: closing of the Isthmus of Panama |
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What happened regarding animals in the Pleistocene? |
15 ka - 1st Americans came across the Bering Land bridge 150 ka - homo sapiens evolved |
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What happened 22000 years ago in the pleistocene regarding climate? |
Last Glacier Maximum |
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What was the last glacier maximum caused by? |
overheating climate change meteorite impact |
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What evidence shows the last major glaciation in the Pleistocene? |
u shaped valley, deep scratch, vegetation, animal migration, boulder |
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What happened in the Holocene regarding sea? |
sea-level rose up in abrupt steps |
