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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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TODALS |
Title, orientation, date, author, legend, scale. |
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Primary industry |
-Deals with raw materials -Also called extraction industry -Logging, mining, agriculture, fishing |
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Secondary industry |
-Manufacturing -Change raw materials into finished products that consumers can buy -Furniture factory |
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Tertiary industry |
-Provides a wide range of services that support the other types of industries -supports society -most jobs -services that support primary and secondary |
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Quaternary industry |
-processing ideas -research and development -laboratory work |
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Boom cycle |
-good times -lots of work -lots of money to buy things |
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Bust cycle |
-unemployment -no extra spending money -fewer jobs |
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7 factors affecting factory locations |
-raw materials -political factors -location to markets -water and electricity supply -transportation links -labor pool -circumstance |
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Import |
Receiving goods and products from other countries that we cannot make ourselves. Ex. bananas, oranges |
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Export |
Giving goods to other countries Ex. fish |
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Trade surplus |
a country bought less imported goods and services that it has sold in exports |
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Trade deficit |
a country bought more imported goods and services than they have sold in exports. |
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WTO |
World trade organization |
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NAFTA |
North American free trade agreement |
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Goods |
products |
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Services |
intangible |
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Globalization |
the development of an integrated world marking borders less important |
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Fair trade |
doing business globally but doing it fairly |
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Import substitution |
buying things made in Canada instead of imported goods |
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Mineral |
-a naturally occurring, pure, non-living substance found in the rocks of the Earth -some have enormous values -some minerals once valuable can no be dangerous (ie. Asbestos) |
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Three groups of minerals |
-metallic minerals (gold) -fossil fuels (oil) -industrial minerals (gypsum) |
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Metallic minerals |
-some metal of rare and beautiful (gold, sliver, platinum) -some are strong (iron) |
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Industrial minerals |
-asbestos- protects us from fire and heat, can cause asbestosis if inhaled over time. -potash=fertilizer -gypsum=drywall |
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Importance of mining |
-Canada ranks third in mineral production -first in mineral exports |
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Types of mines |
-strip mining -open pit mining -underground (shaft) mining |
SOU |
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Environmental problems of mining |
-dramatic alteration of landscape -storage ponds (tailings) -leaks can occur into drinking water |
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Current issues |
acid rain |
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Milling (processing minerals) |
-mechanical -separates the useful stuff from the waste |
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Smelting |
-everything is melted -the good stuff can be poured off leaving only the waste behind |
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Steps in the mining process |
-exploration -extraction -processing -sale |
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Fishing |
-represents the foundation of a renewable resource -exploitation over several decade have drastically reduced many fish populations |
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Commercial fishing |
-0.15% of today's total economy -founding of most parts of Atlantic Canada -catching big loads |
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Where do we fish |
East coast, west coast, freshwater inland lakes |
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Canada's standing in fishing |
first in exports with more than 50% of total catch sent somewhere else |
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Fishing industry in trouble |
-environmental pollution has depleted stocks -overfishing |
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Types of fishing |
-commercial -long ling -gill netting |
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The Grand Banks, Newfoundland |
-Continental shelf -Shallow water gets warm easily -Plankton supply |
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Renewable Resource |
Something that can be used over and over again as long as we take care of it. |
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Sustainable Yield Managment |
-don't take out more than the number reaching maturity in any given year -conservative way for catching fish |
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What went wrong with the fishing industry |
-Overfishing -Improved fishing technology (GPS) -Foreign fishing fleets (Russia, Japan, Spain) -Destructive practices -Changes in natural conditions |
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Tragedy of the Commons |
A group of people sharing a limited resource and use too much of it. Everyone wants to be equal so if one person takes more, so will everyone else. Keep doing it till there is nothing left. Ex. fishing |
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Multiplier Effect |
Everything we do/but adds up. One small thing goes through many economic things. |
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Coniferous trees |
-cone, pinecone, needle -cone bearing -green all year -Pine, Hemlock, Fir, Spruce, Cedar |
PFSC |
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Deciduous trees |
-lose leaves and hibernate -Oak, Maple, Elm |
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Types of tree cutting |
-clear cutting -shelterwood logging (taking out little sections) -single tree selective cutting |
CSS |
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Role trees play |
-release oxygen -absorb carbon dioxide -habitat for wildlife -secures soil in place (erosion prevention) |
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Threats to the forest |
-Insects (Emerald ash borer, asian longhorn beetle -Acid rain (sulphur dioxide SO2, NO2) |
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Benefits of forest fires |
-cleans up litter -adds nutrients to the soil -opens pinecones (spreads seeds) |
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Boreal |
-never cut down -old growth -Ex. Temagam |
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