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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Define demography

It is the study of human population including its numbers, distributions, trends, and issues

How does Canada's population change?

2 factors- natural change and net migration

Define natural change

Difference between births and deaths

Define net migration

Difference between immigrants and emigrants

Define doubling time

How long it takes for a country's population to double using its current growth rate

Name 2 reasons why our birth rate is decreasing

1) Time and money


2) Women put off having kids due to education and careers

Define fertility rate

Average number of births per woman (1.4 in Canada presently)

Define replacement level

Average number of births per woman needed to replace our existing population (2.1 in Canada to maintain)

What will happen if the decreasing trends in Canada continue to happen?

Population will drop to 18 mill by the year 2050.

Define population pyramid

A graph that shows population by age group and gender.

Define active working age

Income earners between the ages 15-65 (contributes to economy)

Define dependency load

People under 15 and over 65 who are supported by family, pensions, retirement savings, etc. (does not contribute to economy)

List 3 types of population pyramid

Growing, Stable, Shrinking

Describe a growing population pyramid

It's in a form of a triangle, mostly with DEVELOPING countries

Describe a stable population pyramid

It's form goes up and down, mostly with DEVELOPED countries

Describe a shrinking population pyramid

It's form is all over, mostly with unstable, undeveloped countries

What is Canada's population made up of

98% Immigrants/descendants of immigrants


2% Natives

In the past, where did immigrants in Canada originate from?

Immigrants in the past originated in Europe

Today, where did the immigrants in Canada originate from?

Presently the immigrants in Canada originated in Asia

Why do immigrants go to major cities?

They go to major cities because of established ethnic communities with familiar products and services and also to avoid culture clash.

Define culture clash

Feeling of isolation when one moves to a new place.

Name 7 reasons how immigrants help

1. shortage in skilled labors


2. start businesses


3. invest in Canadian businesses


4. pay taxes


5. fill positions many Canadians avoid


6. enrich our society with aspects of their culture


7. keep our population young and stable

Define and name a country who is considered a multicultural society

Canada is a country who is a multicultural society. Multicultural society is when ethnic groups are encouraged to maintain their cultural heritage.

Define and name a country who is considered a melting pot

USA is a country who is a melting pot. Melting pot is when ethnic groups are encouraged to blend into one dominant culture.

Define push factors and give 3 examples

(Bad things) Things that make people want to leave their home country and move to another country (war, overpopulation, unemployment)

Define pull factors and give 3 examples

(Good things) Things that attract people to another country (climate, education, health care)

What does an immigrant have to do to live in Canada on a permanent basis?

An immigrant must apply to become a landed immigrant to live in Canada on a permanent basis.

Define landed immigrant

An immigrant with permanent resident status who is not yet a citizen

List 3 types of immigrants

Independent, Family, and Refugee

Define independent immigrant

Skilled workers and business people who can contribute to the economy through their skills and ambitions (Assessed under a points system)

Define family immigrant

People who want to reunite with family members- they must be sponsored by an immediate family member in Canada

Define refugee

People who fear persecution or death in their home country due to political or cultural reasons

How many points does an applicant have to score on the point system to be allowed in Canada

70 points out of the 110 possible points

What are applicant subjected to?

They are subjected to medical and background checks to see if there are any health or legal reasons for denying the applicant entry in Canada.

How many years of residence do immigrants need to apply for citizenship?

Immigrants need 3 years of residence to apply for citizenship

Compare population change rate and growth rate

Population change is the exact same thing as growth rate BUT population change is per 1000 and growth rate is per 100