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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Approximately which percentage of Earth’s surface is covered with water?
a. 30% b. 50% c. 70% d. 85% |
c 70%
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2. Compared to continental lithosphere, oceanic lithosphere is ____________.
a. thicker b. thinner c. approximately the same thickness |
b.
thinner |
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3. Dead zones, such as those offshore Louisiana are formed when too much sediment is dumped into the marine environment (like what the Mississippi River does).
a. true b. false |
b.
false |
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4. The shallowest portion of the ocean is found along the margins of continents in regions termed ____________.
a. abyssal plains b. continental rises c. continental shelves d. continental slopes |
c.
continental shelves |
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5. ____________ make up a majority of the ocean floor worldwide.
a. Abyssal plains b. Continental rises c. Continental shelves d. Continental slopes |
a.
Abyssal plains |
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6. The average depth of the abyssal plains below sea level is about ____________.
a. 1 km b. 2.5 km c. 4.5 km d. 8 km |
z
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7. Due to subduction of oceanic crust, the oldest ocean basin rocks are approximately ____________ years old.
a. 4 billion b. 200 million c. 10 million d. 50 thousand |
200 million
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8. What percentage of seawater, on average, consists of dissolved salt ions?
a. 0.5% b. 3.5% c. 13.5% d. 35% |
z
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9. The density of seawater increases with ____________.
a. increasing temperature and increasing salinity b. decreasing temperature and increasing salinity c. increasing temperature and decreasing salinity d. decreasing temperature and decreasing salinity |
z
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10. Which type of continental coastline features a much broader continental shelf?
a. passive continental margins b. active continental margins c. aggressive continental margins d. stationary continental margins wet a. upwelling b. downwelling |
z
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11.wet
a. upwelling b. downwelling b. Moon’s gravitational pull c. electromagnetic attraction between Earth and the Sun d. gravitational attraction between ocean waters and the continents on Earth |
z
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12. The most prominent force inducing tides on Earth is the ____________.
a. Sun’s gravitational pull b. Moon’s gravitational pull c. electromagnetic attraction between Earth and the Sun d. gravitational attraction between ocean waters and the continents on Earth |
moons gravitational pool
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13. A wave will disturb the water to a depth equal to ____________.
a. twice its wavelength b. its surface amplitude c. the bottom of the sea floor d. half its wavelength |
z
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14. Rip currents flow ____________.
a. directly toward the shoreline b. directly away from the shoreline c. parallel to the shoreline d. up fjords |
z
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15. A continental shelf submarine canyon is typically formed when ____________.
a. volcanic lava flows create irregular seafloor topography. b. earthquake fault lines intersect the seafloor. c. rivers erode into the continental shelf during sealevel low stands. d. rivers with high discharge continue to erode below sealevel. |
z
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16. In the 1980’s this technology transformed the way we study rocks layers beneath the sea: ____________.
a. deepsea dredging of ocean rocks b. satellite imaging of the seafloor c. shipboard reflection seismology d. horizontal drilling from coastal platforms |
z
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17. Ocean basins form when ____________.
a. the Earth is very young, and we don’t know how they form b. volcanic eruptions on the continents flood vast areas which then sink because of isostacy c. large meteorite impacts deeply erode the lithosphere to create basins like those seen on the Moon d. continental rifts extend enough to create thin dense lithosphere |
z
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18. Thermohaline oceanic currents ____________.
a. are largely confined to the tropics b. are largely confined to the polar seas c. occur only in the deeper parts of the Earth’s ocean system d. occur thoughout the Earth’s ocean system as a nearly continuous belt |
occurs through earths ocean system as a nearly continuous belt
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19. Beaches occur when ____________.
a. ocean waves and currents result in erosion b. fresh water mixes with sea water c. there is a coast d. ocean waves and currents leave some sediment behind |
z
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20. The width of a beach in winter is typically ____________ its width in summer.
a. greater than b. less than c. equal to |
z
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21. The majority of liquid fresh water within Earth exists in ____________.
a. lakes b. rivers and streams c. pores within rock and sediment d. atmospheric clouds |
pores with rock and sediment
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22. As a rule, groundwater always flows from areas ____________.
a. of greater elevation to those of lesser elevation b. that are wet to those that are dry c. of high pressure to low pressure d. near streams to areas beneath mountain ranges |
of high pressure to low pressure
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23. Material through which water readily flows is termed ____________.
a. fluent b. porous c. permeable d. ground |
z
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24. Municiple water wells tap the Baton Rouge aquifers ____________.
a. between 100 and 200 feet below the city and south of the fault b. between 1000 and 2000 feet below the city and south of the fault c. between 1000 and 2000 feet below the city and north of the fault d. between 100 and 200 feet below the city and north of the fault |
z
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25. An impermeable layer of rock or sediment is termed a(n) ____________ in hydrogeologic contexts.
a. aquitard b. confined aquifer c. unconfined aquifer d. unsaturated zone |
aquitard
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26. In a humid climate, the topography of the water table ____________.
a. is unaffected by local surface topography b. precisely mimics the topography of the ground surface c. is a subdued (less steeply sloping) mimic of surface topography d. is an exaggerated (more steeply sloping) mimic of surface topography |
z
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27. Which statement about recharge areas is incorrect?
a. They typically are elevated with respect to neighboring areas. b. They are regions of relatively high precipitation. c. They are the same as discharge areas. d. They are areas where water infiltrates the sediment from above. |
z
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28. Hard water results from relatively high concentrations of dissolved ____________.
a. calcium and magnesium b. francium and cesium c. sodium d. potassium |
z
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29. Pumping vast quantities of water locally ____________.
a. raises the local water table b. lowers the local water table, forming a cone-shaped depression c. lowers the local water table, forming a cylindrical depression d. does not affect the water table |
lowers the local water table forming a cone shaped depression
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30. Any place where groundwater naturally flows from the surface of Earth is termed a ____________.
a. flowing artesian well b. geyser c. spring d. recharge area |
z
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