Genetics Prenatal Development And Childbirth

Front 1

all humans have how many chromosomes

Back 1

46

Front 2

the first 22 pair of chroosomes are called

Back 2

autosomes

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yhr lsdy pair

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sex chromosomes

Front 4

monomorphic

Back 4

genes that make us humsn

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dominant genes

Back 5

child has 50 chance of inhariting the trait

Front 6

what is the relationship between genes and chromosoms

Back 6

chromosomes consist of genes

Front 7

descrobe mendels three types of inheritance of single gene taits dominant, recessive, and x-linked

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dominant if one parent has the trait the children have a 50% chace of inheriting it, Recessive both parents must be carriers in order for the child to express it, x-linked women are carriers and are not affected

Front 8

if you wanted to know if a disorder suchas alcoholism were genetic how would you go about studing the issue

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yu might use behavior genetis and study setes of identical twins or you might conduct other family studies

Front 9

dscribe the stages of prenatal developmental

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germinal state:conception to 2 weeks,zygot 1 week after fertilization, embryo: 1 week to10 days after conception, fetal;8 weeks to birth

Front 10

what environmental factors might disrupt prenatal development

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viruses bacteria prescription and illegal drugs and alcohol

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what are the states of birth process

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labor;12 to 24 hurs
delivery; 20-40 min
after birt; 10-20 min

Front 12

downs syndrom

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extra #21 chromosome caused by an accident of cell division(s/s) learning impairment characteristic facial appearance, hypotonia . heart defects

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turner syndrom

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mising x chrom in a female (s/s) ovaries do not develop will nt go into puberty without homone intervention short stature heart defects learning disabilities webbed neck at birth

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klinefelter syndrom

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unknown marker (s/s) somewhat tall delayed puberty infertility larning diabilities

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fragile x syndrom

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unknown marker (s/.s) mental reardation large ears prominent chin enlarged testes

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neurofibromatosis

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autosomal dominant (s/s) benign tumors on skin and along nerves, hyperpigmented spots on skin learning disabilities, sometimes scoliosis malignancies

Front 17

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

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autosomal recessive missing the enzyme to break done of phenylalanine (s/s) if untreated mental retardation behavior problems caused by brain damage form circulationg phenylalanind

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cystic fibrosis

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autosomal recessive mucos is to thick s/s lung problem frequent infection shortened life span

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sickle cell diseae

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autosomal recessive s/s red blood ces are misshapen and do not squeez through small blood vessels resultingin clots

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duchenne muscular dystrophy

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xlinked progressive loss of muscle strength and control shortened life span

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cleft lip and palat

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multifactoria sometimes due to prenatal alcohol exposure

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neural tube defects

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mulgifactorial foic acid deficiency

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alpha fetoprotein analysis

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done at 14-20 weeks and is usually and indicator that something is wrong with the fetus

Front 24

chronionic villus biops

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done 8-10 week indicator for tay sachs disease

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natural selection

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refers to the idea that some characteristics improve survival

Front 26

evolutionary psychology

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study the ways that humans adapt and survive

Front 27

apgar scale

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first assessment that is done of newborns normal scores 7-10 below 5 indicates problems