Genetics- Ch. 6 - Things Mentioned In Class

Front 1

binds to and unwinds DNA molecules so that the other proteins can do their job and replicate

Back 1

DNA helicase

Front 2

a DNA-bound initiator attracts an enzyme called ___(1), which catalyzes the localized unwinding of the double helix.

Back 2

(1) DNA helicase

Front 3

This complex enzyme adds nucleotides, one after the other, to the end of a growing DNA strand...

Back 3

DNA Polymerase III

Front 4

Polymerase only operates in the _' -> _' direction.

Back 4

5' -> 3' direction

Front 5

find the origin of replication and begin the process of replication during S phase

Back 5

Initiator proteins

Front 6

bind single-stranded DNA and help prevent the strands from re-annealing before they are replicated

Back 6

single-stranded binding proteins

Front 7

synthesizes an RNA strand to ‘prime’ DNA synthesis. The RNA strand is complementary to the template DNA strand and provides a 3’ end that can be elongated by DNA polymerase.

Back 7

RNA primase

Front 8

binds deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) and adds them to the RNA primer and the growing DNA chain. DNA polymerase uses the sequence of bases in the template strand to determine which dNTP to add next.

Back 8

DNA Polymerase

Front 9

These enzymes function to unravel or untangle DNA strands. They can add or remove positive or negative supercoils.

Back 9

Topoisomerase/DNA gyrase

Front 10

joins two DNA strands into one. ____(1) creates a covalent phosphodiester bond between DNA strands by joining the 5’ phosphate from one strand to the 3’ hydroxyl of another strand.

Back 10

(1) DNA ligase