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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which reflex causes a baby to throw out his arms and fan his fingers upon hearing a loud noise?
a. tonic neck b. babinski c. moro d. palmar e. rooting |
c. moro
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What is the name of the reflex that causes a baby's toes out when the foot is stroked?
a. rooting b. babinski c. moro d. tonic e. palmer |
b. babinski
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Which of the following describes longitudinal research?
a. separate groups of subjects of all ages are compared b. The research is rapid c. The same subject is studied over a long period of time d. none of he above e. all of the above |
c. the same subject is studied over a long period of time
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Which of the following is true of Piaget?
a. developed a theory of moral development b. seriously underestimated the cognitive abilities of young children c. suggested that cognitive changes occur very gradually d. emphasized the role of language over maturation e. emphasized the role of the parent child relationship |
b. seriously underestimated the cognitive abilities of young children
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Which list places Piagets stages in their correct order?
a. concrete opperational, formal operational, sensorimotor, preoperational b. preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational, concrete operational c. preoperational, concrete operational, sensorimotor, formal operational d. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational e. sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, formal operational |
d. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
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Kohlbergs theory of moral development has ___ levels and ____ stages.
a. 3,6 b. 2,4 c. 4,6 D. 2,6 E. 3,5 |
A. 3,6
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The highest level of moral development is called
a. universal ethical principle orientation b. social-order maintaining orientation c. punishment and obedience orientation d. legalistic orientation e. moral principle |
a. universal ethical principle orientation
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What are psychologists measuring when they hide a toy from view
a. conservation b. seriation c. egocentrism d. object permanence e. self-centeredness |
c. egocentrism
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This refers to the fact that children understand that thier gender will not change even if they adopt the behavior, dress or hairstyles of the gender.
a. gender roles b. gender identity c. gender stereotypes d. gender neutrality e. gender consistency |
e. gender consistency
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Which of the following refers to a period of rapid sexual maturation and growth
a. adolescence b. infancy c. puberty d. childhood e. climatic |
c. puberty
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Which of the following is the first stage of psychosocial development according to Erikson?
a. initiative vs guilt b. generativity vs self-absorption c. trust vs mistrust d. autonomy vs shame and doubt e. industry vs inferiority |
c. trust vs mistrust
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Of Erikson's eight stages, how many occur during adulthood?
a. one b. two c. three d. four e. it depends on the maturity rate of the individual |
c. three
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John's parents believe in the "what I say goes" theory, they are not very active in his school or sporting activities and they are unbending about curfews and Johns choices for music and how he can decorate his room. They are displaying what type of parenting?
a. permissive parenting b. authoritative parenting c. authoritarian parenting d. indifferent parenting e. neglecting parenting |
c. authoritarian parenting
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Adolescents who display resilience in development tend to have any of the following protective factors EXCEPT
a.permissive parents b. caring neighbors and community members c. close interpersonal bonding d. an easy temperament e. are active |
a. permissive parents
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According to Bronfenbrenner, at which level do adults interact directly with people and objects?
a. microsystem b. mesosystem c. exosystem d. macrosystem e. mezosystem |
a. microsystem
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The term which refers to physical and biological changes that can be attributed to increasing age is
a. primary aging b. secondary aging c. tertiary aging d. cohort aging e. relative aging |
a. primary aging
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Declines in which sensory ability typically do not appear until age 75 or later?
a. taste b. smell c. both taste and smell d. hearing e. both hearing and smell |
c. both taste and smell
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Longitudinal studies on the effect of aging on intelligence show that the only tasks that show consistent declines in performance with age involve
a. short-term memory b. long-term memory c. speed of reasoning d. abstract thinking e. creativity |
c. speed of reasoning
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The first stage of dying is____, while the first stage of bereavement is_________.
a. anger, protest b. denial, protest c. denial, shock d. anger, shock e. denial, denial |
c. denial, shock
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The process assumed to guide, activate, and cause persistence of behavior is
a. psychic energy b. decision making c. emotion d. motivation e. outside motivation |
d. motivation
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The body's normal state of physiological balance is referred to as
a. osmoreceptor b. homeostasis c. acquisitiveness d. expectancy e. normalcy |
b. homeostasis
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Research on work motivation suggests that motivation will be high when people believe that
a. working hard wwill improve motivation suggests that motivation will be high when people believe that a. working hard will improve their performance b. good performance will yield various rewards c. the rewards they may obtain are the rewards they want d. they are still able to do what they love e. all of the above |
e. all of the above
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Under which of the ffollowing conditions is goal setting most effective?
a. when the goals are very general b. when the goals are very easy to achieve c. when people do not expect to reach the goal d. when people receive feedback on their performance e. when the goals are structured and consistent |
d. when people receive feedback on their performance
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Which of the following appears to play a role in hunger (and thrist)?
a. hypothalamus b. hippocampus c. testosterone d. osmoreceptors e. thalamus |
a. hypothalamus
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According to evolutionary psychologists, why might a woman want multiple sex partners?
a. their investment in child-bearing is lower than mens investment b. greater acess to their partners resources c.she is more likely to become pregnant d. she can give birth to more children e. to ensure there will be a father for the children since men don't live as long |
b. greater acess to their partners resources
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Blocking someone from achieving their goals is known as
a. violence b. aggression c. frustration d. inhibition e. repression |
c. frustration
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Most methods of measuring_____ motivation are based on the Thematic Apperception Test
a. sexual b. hunger c. esteem d. achievement e. sociability |
d. achievement
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What is the term psychologists use to refer to moods and subjective feelings
a. motivation b. affect c. sensation d. perception e. mood dependent |
b. affect
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Which of the following is NOT a basic type of intelligence according to Stemberg's triarchic theory?
a. semantic b. experiential c. contextual d. componential e. creative |
a. semantic
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Aptitude is defined as
a. knowledge of a particular subject or task b. preference for participation in certain types of activities c. the ability to think abstractly d. the capacity to profit from specific types of training e. the ability to be able to excel in the future at a certain task e. |
d. the capacity to profit from specific types of training
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If a test gives the same results each time it is given it is said to have
a. achievement reliability b. content validity c. criterion related validity d. split half reliability e. test-retest |
e. test-retest reliabilty
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Whether or not a test measures what it claims to measure is a question of the test's
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a. validity
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Studies of adopted children generally find a closer relationship between the IQ's of children and their
a. adoptive parents b. biological parents c. adoptive siblings d. none of the above, IQ is individually based |
b. biological parents
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The finding that IQ's scores have risen all over the world in recent decades is called the
a. Tiemey effect b. Flynn effect c. bell curve effect d. environmental itelligence effect e. Hayflick effect |
b. Flynn effect
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Which of the following can adversely affectIQ's?
a. exposure to lead b. prolonged malnutrition c. being born with fetal alcohol syndrome d. all of the above e. none of the above |
d. all of the above
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The Raven Progressive Matrices test is noteworthy because
a. middle class white children outperform minority children on it b. it contains both verabl and mathematical test questions c. examinees may take as long as they wish to complete it. d. it is culture-fair intelligence test e. it is given at a very early age |
d. it is a culture-fair intelligence test
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All but which is considered a major component of EQ?
a. knowing our own emotions b. managing our emotions c. handling relationships d. being creative e. recognizing emotions in others |
d. being creative
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This is defined as the pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that are unique to an individual
a. personality b. attitude c. abilities d. traits e. none of the above |
a. personality
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women tend to be slightly better than men at
a. verbal skills b. visual tasks c. spatial tasks d. none of the above e. all of the above |
a. verbal tasks
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According to Freud, the id
a. directs behavior so as to maximize pleasure and minimize pain b. serves as the individuals conscience c. operates according to the reality principle in satisfying needs d. desires immediate and total gratification of needs and urges e. serves as the mediator between what society wants and individuals needs |
d. desires immediate and total gratification of needs and urges
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During which of Freuds stages does the Oedipus complex occur?
a. oral b. phallic c. lantency d. genital e. anal |
b. phallic
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These five to ten strong traits make us unique individuals and influence our behavior.
a. secondary traits b. cardinal traits c. functional traits d. central traits e. tertiary traits |
d. central traits
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A person's belief that he or she can perform a task successfully is called
a. self-esteem b. self-monitoring c. self-efficacy d. self-actualization e. self-centering |
c. self-efficacy
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Thr Rorschach ink blot tests and the Thematic Apperception Test are examples of what kind of test?
a. subjective b. projective c. achievement d. objective e. aptitude |
b. projective
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Type-A behavior predisposes individuals to
a. heart attacks b. cancer c. sensation-seeking d. longevity e. mental illness |
a. heart attacks
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Which two dimensions of personality are significantly related to job performance in all occupational categories?
a. extroversion and agreeableness b. agreeableness and emotional stability c. conscientiousness and emotional stability d. extroversion and openness to experience e. openness to experience and conscientiousness |
c. conscientiousness and emotional stability
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Events or situations in our environment that disrupt our ability to function is called
a. frustrations b. set backs c. blocking d. stress e. intrusions |
d. stress
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The physiological changes one experiences during stress are part of a general pattern of reactions known as the_____syndrome
a. stress perception b. primary stress c. fight-or-flight d. parasympathetic e. self determination |
c. fight-or-flight
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According to Holmes and colleagues, the most stressful life event is
a. divorce b. a jail sentence c. death of a spouse d. getting fired e. bankruptcy |
c. death of a spouse
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According to the health-belief model, why do young people neglect to use condoms or wear seat belts?
a. They are unaware of the health risks b. the likelihood of injury or illness is low c. They do not believe such measures will make a difference d. They enjoy taking risks e. They think nothing bad will happen to them |
b. The likelihood of injury or illness is low
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Smoking behavior is on the rise among which group?
a. teenagers b. senior citizens c. children d. single women e. middle aged men |
a. teenagers
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A person experiencing something outside the normal realm of human experience may develop__________
a. ulcers b. high blood pressure c. skin rashes d. post traumatic stress disorder e. schizophrenia |
d. post traumatic stress disorder
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The highest rate of new AIDS cases now occurs among
a. homosexual males b. intravenous drug users c. Hispanic males d. African-American males e. women in their 20's |
d. African -American males
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All but which of the following is true about people labeled as type
D personalities? a. they fail to express negative feelings in social situations b. they internalize their feelings overall c. they have a higher rate of cancer reoccurrence d. they have a less effective immune system e. they look for the positive in most situations |
e. they look for the positive in most situations
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decreasing the severity of an illness by means of early detection is part of
a. primary prevention b. secondary prevention c. health promotion messages d. motivation campaigns e. tertiary prevention |
b. Secondary prevention
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In the diathesis-stress model of mental disorders, what is a diathesis?
a. an imbalance of neurotransmitters b. an irrational pattern of thinking c. an environmental stressor d. a predisposition e. a dysfunctional family life |
d. a predisposition
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The most common reason for children being referred to psychologists is
a. autism b. ADHD c. eating disorders d. disruptive behavior e. depression |
d. disruptive behavior
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Eating excessive amounts of food in a short period of time and purging is indicative of which disorder
a. somatoform disorder b. depression c. anorexia nervosa d. anxiety e. bulimia nervosa |
e. bulimia nervosa
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All of the following might characterize a major depressive episode EXCEPT
a. inability to concentrate b. weight loss or gain c. risk-taking behaviors d. insomnia e. lack of energy |
c. risk-taking behaviors
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When a person experiences intense anxiety only in the presence of a particular object, that person is suffering from
a. panic disorder b. obsessive-compulsive disorder c. a phobia d. generalized anxiety disorder e. agoraphobia |
c. a phobia
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Which of the following pairs are both examples of dissociative disorders?
a. fugue and conversion disorder b. conversion disorder and multiple personality c. phobias and fugue d. fugue and multiple personality e. Munchausen's syndrome and bipolar disorder |
d. fugue and multiple personality
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Disruptions in consciousness memory or identity fall under what category?
a. substance-related disorders b. dissociative disorders c. anxiety disorders d. mood disorders e. schizophrenia |
b. dissociative disorders
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Hypochondriasis is a type of
a. dissociative disorder b. somatoform disorder c. paraphilia d. personality disorder e. anxiety |
b. somatoform
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A sexual urge to rub against the body of a nonconsenting person is called
a. frotteurism b. fetishism c. necrophilia d. exhibitionism e. coprophilia |
a. frotteurism
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The severe disorder characterized by disorganized thought, perceptions, and inappropriate emotions
a. multiple personality disorder b. schizophrenia c. somatoform disorder d. histrionic personality disorder e. paranoid personality disorder |
b. schizophrenia
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Which two dimensions of personality are significantly related to job performance in all occupational categories?
a. extroversion and agreeableness b. agreeableness and emotional stability c. conscientiousness and emotional stability d. extroversion and openness to experience e. openness to experience and conscientiousness |
c. conscientiousness and emotional stability
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Events or situations in our environment that disrupt our ability to function is called
a. frustrations b. set backs c. blocking d. stress e. intrusions |
d. stress
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The physiological changes one experiences during stress are part of a general pattern of reactions known as the_____syndrome
a. stress perception b. primary stress c. fight-or-flight d. parasympathetic e. self determination |
c. fight-or-flight
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According to Holmes and colleagues, the most stressful life event is
a. divorce b. a jail sentence c. death of a spouse d. getting fired e. bankruptcy |
c. death of a spouse
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According to the health-belief model, why do young people neglect to use condoms or wear seat belts?
a. They are unaware of the health risks b. the likelihood of injury or illness is low c. They do not believe such measures will make a difference d. They enjoy taking risks e. They think nothing bad will happen to them |
b. The likelihood of injury or illness is low
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