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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Fungi are what kind of organisms? |
Eukaryotic |
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Generally fungi hit which group of patients? |
The immunocompromised |
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Dermatophytosis causes infections where and is caused by which group of fungi? |
Hair Skin Nails
Dermatophytes or ringworm fungi |
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Give examples of dermatophytosis? |
Tinea pedis Tinea capitis Tinea corporis |
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Name the three genera of dermatophytes? |
Trichophyton Microsporum Epidermophyton |
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Which dermatophytoses are most common and by which causative organisms? |
Foot and nail infections by: T.interdigitale T.rubrum |
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Dermatophytosis responds to what treatment? |
Topical therapy Scalp or nail infections require oral therapy |
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Traumatic implantation of fungal spores results in what? |
Subcutaneous mycoses |
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What is mycetoma? |
A chronic, subcutaneous, localised destructive infection of the skin to the bone on the hands and feet |
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Where is subcutaneous mycoses most common in terms of world region? |
Tropical or sub-tropical climates |
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What treatment may be indicated? |
Amputation |
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Which subcutaneous mycosis spreads via the lymph? |
Sporotrichosis caused by S.schenckii
See nodules and ulceration along the lymphatics |
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Candida are commensals where in 30-50%? |
Mouth and GI tract |
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Most common areas of candida infection? |
Mucosal (thrush) Cutaneous Nail |
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Candidosis causes deep seated infection in which group of patients? |
Immunocompromised (>80% of AIDS patients get oral candidosis) |
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Other than AIDS sufferers who is oral candidosis most common in? |
The extremes of age |
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Name two pre-disposing factors for infection by candida other than being immunocompromised? |
Diabetes mellitus
Antibiotic therapy |
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Deep seated candidosis is common in neutropenic patients and is best treated how? |
Fluconazole and/or amphotericin |
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Cryptococcus is caused by which fungi? |
Cryptococcus neoformans |
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Comes from which source? |
Soil and old bird droppings |
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Infected how with cryptococcus? |
Inhalation |
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Most common presentation of cryptococcus? |
Cryptococcal meningitis |
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How is cryptococcus diagnosed? |
Via cryptococcal antigen |
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Rx for cryptococcus? |
Amphotericin B and flucytosine |
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Aspergillosis caused by |
Aspergillus and A.fumigatus |
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Mode of infection with aspergillus? |
Inhalation |
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What may occur in patients residual lung cavities? |
Fungus ball |
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What can occur with aspergillus in the immunocompromised? |
Dissemination to other organs |
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Mortality associated with invasive aspergillosis? |
90% |
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Treatment of choice for aspergillosis? |
Voriconazole if invasive
Itraconazole for prophylaxis against invasion |
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Zygomycosis is caused by what? |
Thermophilic fungi such as Rhizopus, Lichtheimia and Mucor
Cutaneous infection of wounds |
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Zygomycosis occurs in which group of patients? |
Diabetes mellitus uncontrolled and Neutropenia |
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It is rapidly progressing and what is usually the only method of treatment for zygomycosis? |
Amputation |
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Treatment for zygomycosis? |
Aggressive lipid therapy with amphotericin and posaconazole |