Functional Foods And Nutraceuticals

Front 1

Functional Food

Back 1

Definition: Natural or processed foods containing biologically-active compounds providing clinically proven health benefits.Purpose: Prevention, management, or treatment of chronic diseases.

Front 2

Nutraceuticals

Back 2

Definition: Chemical components of food with positive health effects when ingested in appreciable amounts.

Front 3

Whole Foods

Back 3

Examples: Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, beans, fish, shellfish, and eggs.

Front 4

Functional Food Types

Back 4

Enriched Foods:Definition: Foods with added nutrients lost during processing.Example: Low-fat milk with added vitamin D.Fortified Foods:Definition: Foods with added nutrients not present in the original food.Examples: Milk and margarine with vitamin A, fortified orange juice.Enhanced Foods:Definition: Foods with added non-vitamin and mineral ingredients.Examples: Soups, teas with added herbs, cereals with added psyllium.

Front 5

Strategies to Develop Functional Food

Back 5

Eliminating deleterious components.Increasing natural component concentration.Adding beneficial components.Replacing macronutrients.Increasing bioavailability or stability.

Front 6

How Functional Foods Act

Back 6

Gastrointestinal functions.Up-regulation of antioxidant defenses.Facilitating metabolic homeostasis.Up-regulation of detoxification defenses.

Front 7

Advantages of Probiotics

Back 7

Production of lactic acid.Inhibition of harmful bacteria.Decreased production of toxic metabolites.Aid in mineral absorption, especially calcium.

Front 8

Prebiotics

Back 8

Definition: Non-digestible food ingredients beneficial for host health.Examples: Fructooligosaccharides (FOS), inulin.

Front 9

Concept of Probiotics and Prebiotics

Back 9

Prebiotics as cofactors for probiotics.Complex carbohydrates in the lower gut.End products: Short-chained fatty acids.

Front 10

Food Grade Commercial Prebiotics

Back 10

Lactulose

Galactosaccharides

Fructooligosaccharides

Isomaltooligosccharides

Lacto-sucrose

Gentiooligosaccharides

Xylooligosaccharides

Front 11

Antimicrobials Produced by Probiotics

Back 11

Examples:

Acidolin

Lactocin

Nisin

Helveticin J

Enterocin 1146

Front 12

Nutraceuticals

Back 12

Definition: Provides physiological benefits, extracted or prepared in various formats.Examples: Granules, powder, tablet, capsule, liquid, jelly, gel.

Front 13

Benefits of Nutraceuticals

Back 13

Increase health value.Aid in living longer.Help avoid specific medical conditions.Perceived natural and with psychological benefits.Suitable for populations with special needs.

Front 14

Categories of Nutraceuticals

Back 14

Nutrients: Vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, antioxidants.Herbals: Concentrates and extracts from herbs or botanical products.Phytochemicals: Polyphenols, isoflavonoids, anthocyanidins, etc.

Front 15

Functional Food Development Strategies

Back 15

Eliminating deleterious components.Increasing the concentration of a natural component for predicted effects.Adding beneficial components.Replacing a macronutrient.Increasing bioavailability or stability of a functional component.

Front 16

Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics

Back 16

Gastrointestinal functions.Up-regulation of antioxidant defenses.Facilitating cellular and physiological metabolic homeostasis.Up-regulation of detoxification defenses.

Front 17

More Advantages of Probiotics

Back 17

Production of β-D-galactosidase enzymes for lactose breakdown.Production of antimicrobial substances like acidophilin and bacteriocin.

Front 18

The Concept of Prebiotics

Back 18

Introduction by Gibson and Roberfroid.Non-digestible food ingredients.Beneficial effects on host health.

Front 19

Food Grade Commercial Prebiotics

Back 19

Lactulose, Galactosaccharides, Fructooligosaccharides, Isomaltooligosccharides, Lacto-sucrose, Gentiooligosaccharides, Xylooligosaccharides.

Front 20

Additional Antimicrobials Produced by Probiotics

Back 20

Lactocidin, Bulgarican, Lactolin, Lactobacillin, Reuterin, Lactocin S, Sakacin A, Lactocin F, Helveticin J, Diplococin, Lactostrepsin, Lactucin, Streptophilin.

Front 21

Nutraceutical Production

Back 21

Extraction, isolation, and purification from food or non-food sources.Preparation in various formats: granules, powder, tablet, capsule, liquid, jelly, gel.

Front 22

More Benefits of Nutraceuticals

Back 22

May have psychological benefits.Perceived as more "natural" with fewer side effects.Suitable for populations with special needs.Easily available and economically affordable

Front 23

Expanded Categories of Nutraceuticals

Back 23

Herbals: Concentrates and extracts from herbs or botanical products.Phytochemicals: Polyphenols, isoflavonoids, anthocyanidins, phytoestrogens, terpenoids, carotenoids, limonoids, phytosterols, glucosinolates, polysaccharides.