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10 Cards in this Set
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Biotechnology |
Definition: Field using technology to manipulate live cells and biochemical components for specific products. Divisions: Traditional (using natural processes) and Modern (genetic manipulation, industrial exploitation). |
Definition, 2 divisions |
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Applications of Biotechnology |
Heal the World: Utilizes nature's toolbox and genetic makeup for healing and research. Fuel the World: Harnesses biological processes like fermentation for microscopic manufacturing. Feed the World: Improves crop resistance, herbicide tolerance, and promotes sustainable farming. |
Related to the world |
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Importance of Biotechnology |
Biological Processes: Enhances food quality, increases crop yields, improves resistance against diseases. Product Manufacturing: Production of secondary metabolites (antibiotics, Vit. B12, amino acids) biotechnologically. Ecological Benefits: Processes at low temperature, pressure, and require less energy, utilizing raw materials efficiently. Environmental Protection: Degrades harmful substances, manufactures complicated natural substances in a controlled way. |
Biological , Ecological , Product , Environmental |
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Biotechnology Color Code |
Red Biotechnology: Medical Biotechnology. Green Biotechnology: Agriculture Biotechnology. White Biotechnology: Industrial Biotechnology. Grey Biotechnology: Environmental Biotechnology. Blue Biotechnology: Marine Biotechnology. |
Red, green, white, grey, blue |
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Bioprocessing |
Definition: Involves industrial application of biological processes using living cells to transform substances. |
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Food Bioprocessing |
Purpose: Transform raw ingredients into food or other forms for consumption by humans or animals. Methods: Biological techniques used in home or food processing industry. |
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Microbial Characteristics |
Classification: Non-pathogenic (do not cause disease) or pathogenic (disease-producing) microbes. Types: Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, each with distinct characteristics. |
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Industrial Microbiology |
Definition: Use of microorganisms to produce desired products or prevent economic loss due to unwanted microorganisms. |
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Bioprocess as Dynamic Microbial Growth: |
Definition: Bioprocess involves dynamic microbial growth for the production of desired products. Dynamic Growth: Microorganisms multiply, leading to the formation of the desired end products. |
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Microbial Screening & Selection Principles: |
Example: Specific group of Gram-positive bacteria (lactic acid bacteria) crucial for making yogurt, cheese, and buttermilk. Characteristics: Acid-tolerant, lack pathogenicity, ferment lactose, produce lactic acid, and improve flavor of dairy products. |
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