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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Streak ovaries, congenital heart disease, horseshoe kidney
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Turner's syndrome
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short stature, webbed neck, lymphedema, coarctation of aorta
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Turner's
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sudden swollen/painful big toe joint, tophi (urate crystals + inflammation)
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Gout/podagra (hyperuricemia)
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swollen gums, mucous bleeding, poor wound healing, spots on skin
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scurvy (vit C deficiency)
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swollen, hard painful finger joints
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Osteoarthritis (osteophytes on PIP [Bouchard's nodes], DIP [Heberden's nodes])
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systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)
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aortic valve stenosis
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thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal tumors
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Sipple's syndrome (MEN2A)
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ulcerated genital lesion with exudate (painful)
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Chancroid of Haemophilus ducreyi
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unilateral facial drooping
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Bell's palsy (LMN CN VII palsy)
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urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis (sacroileitis) in male
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Reiter's syndrome (reactive arthritis associated with HLA-B27)
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can't see, can't pee, can't bend the knee
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Reiter's syndrome
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Vascular birthmark (port-wine stain)
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hamangioma (benign, but assctd with Sturge-Weber syndrome in V1 region)
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vasculitis from exposure to endotoxin causing glomerular thrombosis
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Shwartzman reaction
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vomiting blood following esophagogastric lacerations
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Mallory-Weiss syndrome (alcoholics, eating disorders)
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"waxy" casts with very low urine flow
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Chronic end-stage renal disease
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WBC casts in urine
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acute pyelonephritis
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Arthralgias or arthritis, malabsorption, weight loss, diarrhea, fever, adenopathy
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Whipple's disease (Tropheryma whippelii)
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"worst headache of my life"
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage, berry aneurysm
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jaundice, RUQ pain, fever
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Charcot's triad (ascending cholangitis)
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Keratin pearls on a skin lesion
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Squamous cell carcinoma : lung, cervix, etc
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infant with hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, hepatomegaly
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Cori's disease (debranching enzyme deficiency), von Gierke's disease
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infant with microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, structural heart defect
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Edward's syndrome
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large rash with bulls-eye appearance
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Erythema chronicum migrans from tick bite (Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorfi)
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Lucid interval after traumautic brain injury
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epidural hematoma
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male child, recurrent infections, no mature B cells
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Bruton's disease (X-linked agammaglobulinemia)
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mucosal bleeding and prolonged bleeding time
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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (defect in platelet aggregation due to lack of GpIIb/IIIa)
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multiple colon polyps, osteomas/soft tissue tumors, impacted/supernumerary teeth
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Gardner's syndrome (genetic d/o, predisposes to colon cancer), familial colorectal polyposis
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multiple colon polyps, osteomas, thyroid cancer, sebaceous cysts, fibromas, epidermoid cysts
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Gardner's syndrome
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Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
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Wegener's and Goodpasture's syndromes (Wegener's has palate necrosis)
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hemoptysis and glomerular disease
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Wegener's and Goodpasture's
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neonate with arm paralysis following difficult birth
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Erb-Duchenne palsy (sup trunk of C5-C6 brachial plexus injury: waiter's tip)
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No lactation postpartum, absent menstruation, cold intolerance
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Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary infection) - postpartum hemorrhage--> hypotension
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Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech
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Multiple sclerosis, Charcot's triad
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Oscillating slow/fast breathing
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Cheyne-Stokes respirations (central apnea in CHF or increased intracranial pressure, cerebrum lesion)
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painful blue fingers/toes, hemolytic anemia, thrombosis
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Cold agglutinin disease (autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by Mycoplasma peumoniae, infectious mononucleosis)
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painful, pale, cold fingers/toes
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Raynaud's syndrome (vasospasm in extrems)
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painful, raised red lesions on palms and soles
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Osler's node (infective endocarditis)
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Painless jaundice
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cancer of pancreatic head obstructing bile duct
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palpable purpura, joint pain, abdominal pain, hematuria, child
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Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgA vascultitis affecting skin and kidneys)
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Pancreatic, pituitary, parathyroid tumors
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Wermer's syndrome (MEN 1)
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pink complexion, dyspnea, hyperventilation
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emphysema "pink puffer", centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha1trypsin def]
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polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature in a young girl
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McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G-protein signaling mutation)
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polyuria, acidosis, growth failure, electrolyte imbalances
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Fanconi's syndrome (proximal tubular reabsorption defect)
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rickets, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis
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Fanconi's syndrome
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positive anterior "drawer sign"
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ACL injury (anterior cruciate ligament)
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ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis
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Horner's synrome (sympathetic chain lesion)
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pupil accommodates but doesn't react to light
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Argyll-Robertson pupils, neurosyphilis
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rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends (following GI/upper resp infxn)
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Guillain-Barre syndrome (no sensory loss0
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rash on palms and soles
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secondary syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Coxsackie virus
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recurrent colds, unusual truncal eczema, high serum IgE
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Job's syndrome (hyper-IgE syndrome: neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality)
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Red "currant jelly" sputum
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
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red itchy swollen rash of nipple, areola
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Paget's disease of breast (represents underlying neoplasm)
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red urine in the morning
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paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (complement induced hemolytic anemia)
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renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastomas of retina, brainstaim, cerebellum, angiomatosis, pheochromocytomas
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von Hippel-Lindau disease (dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation)
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resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability
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Parkinson's disease
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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (juvenile form: cardiomegaly), exercise intolerance
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Pompe's disease (lysosomal glucosidase deficiency)
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retinal hemorrhages with pale centers
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Roth's spots (bacterial endocarditis)
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Severe jaundice in neonate
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Crigler-Najjar syndrome (congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)
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severe RLQ pain with rebound tenderness
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McBurney's sign (appendicitis)
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Short stature, increased incidence of tumors/leukemia, aplastic anemia
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Fanconi's anemia (genetically inherited; often progresses to AML)
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single palm crease
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simian crease (Down's syndrome)
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situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis
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Kartagener's syndrome (dynein defect affecting cilia)
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skin hyperpigmentation
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Addison's disease (primary adrenocortical insufficiency of autoimmune of infectious etiology)
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slow, progressive muscle weakness in boys
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Becker's muscular dystrophy (Duchenne's is rapid, more severe)
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small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with blue-white centers
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Koplik's spots (measles)
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small, nontender, erythematous lesions on palms, soles
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Janeway lesions (infective endocarditis)
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smooth, flat moist white lesions on genitals
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Condylomata lata (secondary syphilis)
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splinter hemorrhages on fingernails
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bacterial endocarditis
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"strawberry tongue"
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scarlet fever, Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome
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dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, polyneuropathy
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Wet beriberi (thiamine [vitamin B1] deficiency)
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dog or cat bite resulting in infection
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Pasteurella multocida
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dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
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Sjorgens syndrome (Autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands)
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dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia
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Plummer Vinson syndrome (may progress to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma)
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elastic skin, hypermobility of joints
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Ehler-Danlos syndrome
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enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node
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Virchow's node (abdominal metastasis)
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erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells
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Sezary syndrome (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) or mycosis fungoides
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facial muscle spasm upon tapping
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Chvostek's sign (hypocalcemia)
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fat, female, forty, fertile
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acute cholelithiasis
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fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic treatment for syphilis
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Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes results in toxin release)
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fever, cough, conjuncitivis, coryza, diffuse rash
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Measles (morbillivirus)
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anterior horn cell damage, LMN sx: areflexia, flaccid paralysis, muscle atrophy, fasciculation (floppy child syndrome)
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Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome
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paraneoplastic syndrome associated with small cell lung cancer; auto-Ab react with calcium channels and hamper Ach release
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Lambert-Eaton syndrome
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neuropathy associated with previous Campylobacter jejuni infection
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Guillain-Barre syndrome
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removes supercoils
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Topoisomerase II
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synthesis of RNA primer
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Primase (RNA polymerase)
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Removal of RNA primer and replacement of RNA with DNA (proofreading)
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DNA polymerase I (5' to 3' exonuclease activity)
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Shrinkage of cell body, pyknosis of nucleus, loss of Nissl substance, eosinophilic cytoplasm
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Acute neuronal injury, red neuron
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enlargement of cell body, eccentric nucleus, enlargement of nucleolus, dispersion of Nissle substance
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axonal reaction, loss
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Call-Exner bodies - small follicles filled with eosinophilic secretions
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Granulosa-theca cell tumors
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