Final Exam Weather And Climate

Front 1

Climate consists of all of the following, except

Back 1

the high temperature for a given day

Front 2

The primary parameters of a climatological classification system are

Back 2

temperature and moisture.

Front 3

Koeppen had this many primary climates in his classification system

Back 3

5

Front 4

This is the only climate zone in which precipitation is the defining characteristic

Back 4

Tropical

Front 5

The second letter of the Koeppen letter code gives information about

Back 5

the precipitation characteristics of the climate subtype.

Front 6

The Koeppen classification system was developed in the

Back 6

early-1900s.

Front 7

This plays the smallest role in Koeppen's classification system

Back 7

latitude.

Front 8

Which of the following primary climates is most likely to be closest to a pole?

Back 8

severe mid-latitude

Front 9

A Koeppen Climate that has an average temperature for all months greater than 18 degrees C (64 degrees F) is a______ type of climate

Back 9

tropical

Front 10

The Koeppen "B" climate zone is the only one that is determined strictly by

Back 10

Precipitation

Front 11

In the Koeppen system of climate classification, generally the first letter stands for______ and the second stands for_______

Back 11

temperature; precipitation

Front 12

If the potential evaporation is more than the annual precipitation, the climate is

Back 12

dry.

Front 13

All months that have mean temperatures below 10 degrees C are what classification in the Koeppen system?

Back 13

E

Front 14

According to the Koeppen system, an A climate is one in which:

Back 14

the average temperature for all months is greater than 18 degrees C.

Front 15

All of the following are true about tropical climates, except

Back 15

l

Front 16

The monsoonal climate

Back 16

is typical in tropical coastal areas.

Front 17

A climate that has approximately six months of dry weather and a corresponding six months of wet weather would be a_________ climate

Back 17

tropical

Front 18

The main distinguishing factor between the three tropical climate types is

Back 18

seasonal behavior of rainfall

Front 19

The Great Plains region is best classified as

Back 19

mid-latitude steppe.

Front 20

Where in the U.S. would we find a Mediterranean climate?

Back 20

southern California

Front 21

In North America, the coniferous forest of subarctic climates is referred to as the

Back 21

boreal forest.

Front 22

Polar climates exist based on

Back 22

latitude.

Front 23

In the Koeppen system, the type of climates that are unique because their distribution is not governed by geographic location but by topography, are the

Back 23

highland climates.

Front 24

What is the largest climate modifier in the southern hemisphere?

Back 24

the fact that a very large portion of the southern hemisphere's surface area is composed of water

Front 25

Climate consists of statistical properties.

Back 25

True

Front 26

The Koeppen classification system gives detailed explanations of the causes of the different climates.

Back 26

true

Front 27

Climate is defined over periods of at least 30 years.

Back 27

true

Front 28

Climate change is defined as

Back 28

measuring the change in sea level.

Front 29

An example of a climatic boundary condition change would be

Back 29

l

Front 30

We are currently living in the

Back 30

Holocene epoch

Front 31

Large-scale human impacts on the climate may have started how long ago?

Back 31

8000 years ago

Front 32

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is primarily mandated to

Back 32

All of the above are correct.

Front 33

Millennial-scale oscillations

Back 33

indicate the earth flips back and forth between warmer states and colder states

Front 34

Milankovitch cycles include all of the following, except

Back 34

changes in the distance between the earth and the Moon.

Front 35

The eccentricity of Earth's orbit:

Back 35

is currently zero, meaning Earth has a circular orbit.

Front 36

Carbon dioxide

Back 36

is a greenhouse gas that may hold the key to important climatic changes.

Front 37

A period of minimal sunspot activity between 1645 and 1715 is known as:

Back 37

Maunder Minimum

Front 38

Which of the following are factors involved in climatic change?

Back 38

all of the above

Front 39

Deforestation does all of the following, except:

Back 39

increase evapotranspiration.

Front 40

Aerosols:

Back 40

l

Front 41

General circulation models have all of the following characteristics, except:

Back 41

they achieve roughly the same results.

Front 42

The width of a tree ring depends upon the temperature and precipitation characteristics prevalent during the year the ring was produced.

Back 42

True

Front 43

Millennial-scale oscillations likely lead to significant changes in precipitation patterns

Back 43

True

Front 44

A warmer climate is likely to cause an increase in wildfires.

Back 44

True

Front 45

Major volcanic eruptions are more likely to lead to an increase in global temperatures than a decrease would.

Back 45

False

Front 46

An increase in surface covered with ice would lead to a decrease in albedo.

Back 46

False

Front 47

Most climate models project Earth's temperature will continue to rise through the end of the twenty-first century.

Back 47

true

Front 48

The amount of warming predicted by climate models in the twenty-first century will be the same across the Earth.

Back 48

false

Front 49

The term paleoclimate refers to the climate of the past.

Back 49

true

Front 50

The Milankovitch cycles deal with these changing characteristics of Earth: eccentricity; obliquity; precession

Back 50

true

Front 51

One of the chief issues with climate change is that:

Back 51

l

Front 52

Of the past 2.5 billion years, what % have been ice ages?

Back 52

70-80%

Front 53

List two problems scientists encounter as they attempt to divide the Earth into climatic zones.

Back 53

Climate classification is subjective.

Natural climate boundaries are not clear.

Front 54

What is a climograph and how is it used in the study of climate?

Back 54

A climograph is a graphical representation of basic climatic parameters, that is monthly average temperature and precipitation, at a certain location. It is used for a quick-view of the climate of a location.

Front 55

In the context of climate change, what is a forcing agent?

Back 55

greenhouse gases

Front 56

What are proxy indicators?

Back 56

can provide a wealth of information on past atmospheric compositions, tropospheric aerosol loads, volcanic eruptions, air and sea temperatures, precipitation and drought patterns, ocean chemistry and productivity, sea-level changes, former ice-sheet extent and thickness, and variations in solar activity—among other things.

Front 57

Describe three methods used to study past climates.

Back 57

Tree ring width

Lake sediments

Fossil pollen

Front 58

How is it possible to reconstruct past climates when no records were available?

Back 58

l

Front 59

Should Earth be considered a "warm" planet or a "cold" planet? Explain your response.

Back 59

I believe it should be considered a warm planet because it is increasingly growing in temperature.