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Final Exam Section 5

Final Exam Section 5

by macfarlanec17, Dec. 2015

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65 Cards in this Set

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	A new EMT who is treating a suspected femur injury asks his partner "How much traction should I pull?" The partner's BEST reply is which of the following? A: The amount of traction applied should be roughly 10% of the patient's body weight and not exceed 15 pounds. B: The amount of traction applied should be 15 pounds C: Pull enough traction to give the patient some relief of the pain D: No traction splint applied in the field pulls true traction; they must pull 20 pounds of countertraction	A: The amount of traction applied should be roughly 10% of the patient's body weight and not exceed 15 pounds.
	You are treating a 16 year old skateboarder who has fallen at the skate park. She has an angulated left forearm that she has in guarded position. When do you splint this injury? A: During the primary exam B: En route to the hospital C: During the secondary exam D: Immediately	C: During the secondary exam
	What is the height from which an adult fall would meet trauma triage criteria set forth by the CDC? A: 10 feet B: 25 feet C: 15 feet D: 20 feet	D: 20 feet
	You assess a 35 year old female patient with a chemical burn to her right forearm and hand. As you assess the burn you notice a white powder on the burn. What should be your next step? A: Brush the powder off the patient's arm and hand, and then flush with copious amounts of water B: Transport the pt immediately to the closest burn center C: Brush off the powder, bandage the arm, and transport the pt to the closest trauma center D: Flush the arm and hand with copious amounts of water	A: Brush the powder off the patient's arm and hand, and then flush with copious amounts of water
	Your patient was working on a car when it fell of the jack and trapped him between the tire and ground. His face is very blue and his eyes are bloodshot. Which of the following has the patient most likely suffered? A: Pneumothorax B: Flail chest C: Hemothorax D: Traumatic asphyxia	D: Traumatic asphyxia
	Your patient has sustained a serious laceration to his neck. He appears to have lost a lot of blood and you are considering how you will control the bleeding. Your primary treatment should be to place a(n): A: Pressure dressing B: Bulky dressing C: Dry, sterile dressing D: Occlusive dressing	D: Occlusive dressing
	Applying an external source of heat to the patient's body to rewarm him is called ______ A: Central B: Active C: Peripheral D: Endogenous	B: Active
	A 44 year old male involved in a collision at 50 mph struck the windshield of his vehicle with his face. Which of the following injuries should you prepare to treat? A: Airway obstruction B: Cervical spine trauma C: Brain Injury D: All of the above	D: All of the above
	You are dispatched to a local industrial plant for an "electrical injury", You arrive on scene and find a 46 year old male lying supine in front of an electrical panel. You are told he was attempting to make a repair and somehow received an electrical shock and was thrown to the ground. The scene is safe and the electricity is off. Your initial exam reveals a conscious person, breathing adequately. Vital signs are normal and there are no obvious signs of burns. Coworkers state that he was unconscious until your arrival. What is your next step? A: While on the scene, rapidly do a complete assessment, provide oxygen, provide care for potential spine injuries and transport as soon as possible after the exam B: Put the patient on oxygen and help him into your ambulance C: Stay with the patient awhile, and if he does not appear to be in distress, encourage him to refuse care D: Load and go --- conduct any other care in the ambulance en route due to the potential seriousness of the burns	A: While on the scene, rapidly do a complete assessment, provide oxygen, provide care for potential spine injuries and transport as soon as possible after the exam
	Your patient is a 3 year old girl who is unable to move her elbow after her mother picked her up by the forearm. Proper splinting of this injury would be to immobilize from the ____ to the ______. A: forearm; humerus B: Fingertips; shoulder C: Wrist; elbow D: Wrist; shoulder	A: forearm; humerus
	What is the definition of multi-system trauma? A: multiple injuries that affect more than one body system B: A trauma in which there are multiple casualties C: Trauma in which the patient has more than one serious injury D: A trauma that requires the response of multiple agencies	A: multiple injuries that affect more than one body system
	Your patient is a 14 year old male who crashed his bicycle landing prone and sliding along a gravel trail. He has deep abrasions to his hands, arms, chest, and knees. The patient has small pieces of gravel, twigs, and dirt embedded in the abrasions. Which of the following is the best way to manage this situation after taking cervical spine immobilization? A: Use your fingers to pick embedded debris from the wound, bandage with moist saline dressings in place and transport B: Do not attempt to remove any debris, apply pressure dressings over the embedded material if necessary, apply high-con oxygen and transport C: Assess for additional injuries, flush away large pieces of debris with a sterile dressing, place dressings on the abrasions, bandage them in place and transport D: Use a tongue depressor to scrape large pieces of debris out of the wounds, place the pt on high-con oxygen and transport	C: Assess for additional injuries, flush away large pieces of debris with a sterile dressing, place dressings on the abrasions, bandage them in place and transport
	Your patient is a 10 year old male whose jacket hood caught on a branch as he jumped out of a tree. He was momentarily suspended about 12 inches off the ground but was immediately lowered to the ground by his brothers. Which of the following injuries should you suspect? A: Cervical spine injury B: Thoracic spine injury C: Soft tissue injury of the neck only D: Lumbar spine injury	A: Cervical spine injury
	Which of the following is NOT a key decision for the EMT when faced with a multi-system or multiple trauma patient? A: Do I need to minimize on scene time? B: Should I transport to a trauma center? C: Is the pt seriously injured? D: Should I allow police to interview the pt on scene?	D: Should I allow police to interview the pt on scene?
	Your patient is a 21 year old male who has a gunshot wound to the chest. Which of the following is the HIGHEST priority in managing this pt? A: Placing a pressure dressing over the wound to control bleeding B: Performing a rapid trauma assessment C: Placing an occlusive dressing over the wound D: Placing the pt in the shock position	C: Placing an occlusive dressing over the wound
	A respiratory rate of less than _____ and greater than ____ in cases of trauma are criteria for immediate transportation to a trauma center according to the CDC physiologic guidelines. A: 12;20 B: 10;29 C: 5;45 D: 8;32	B: 10;29
	You are treating a patient with paradoxical motion on the left side of the chest. He is breathing shallow at a rate of 4 breaths per minute. You should: A: Apply a bulky dressing to the chest B: Begin positive pressure ventilation C: Administer 15lpm oxygen via mask D: Roll the pt on his left side	B: Begin positive pressure ventilation
	What trauma triage guidelines did the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) release in order to guide the most injured patients into trauma centers? A: Determining pt priority, amount of time on scene, and hospital transport decision B: Physiological determinants, anatomic criteria and MOI C: Teamwork, timing and transport D: Lights, sirens and diesel	B: Physiological determinants, anatomic criteria and MOI
	You are stabilizing a patient who has just been stabbed in the chest to the right of the mediastinum. After placing the patient on supplemental oxygen, his shortness of breath resolves. You also cover the wound with an occlusive dressing. The patient is asymptomatic at the time you're making the decision to transport. Which of the following BEST encapsulates the correct strategy for transport? A: Begin transport non-emergently and upgrade if the patients condition deteriorates B: The pt does not necessarily need transport, so allow him to refuse if he wants C: Transport the patient emergently because of the high index of suspicion for a serious injury D: Transport the pt non-emergently because he's complaint free	C: Transport the patient emergently because of the high index of suspicion for a serious injury
	Your patient is a 16 year old centerfielder on his high school baseball team. He was injured when he and the left fielder collided trying to catch a fly ball. He is disoriented and is unable to tell you what happened. His vitals: p: 88 bp 132/86 rr 16 and pupils equal. As you assess his head, you do not see any cuts or bleeding but you feel a spongy depressed area over his left ear. You should suspect: A: Direct injury B: Open head injury C: Closed head injury D: Skull injury	B: Open head injury
	What are three elements of successful trauma care that field practitioners can use which will ultimately translate into greater rates of survival? A: Lights, sirens, diesel B: Ground ambulances, air helicopters, and trauma centers C: Teamwork, timing and transport D: Physiological determinants, anatomic criteria and MOI	C: Teamwork, timing and transport
	Your patient has had his throat slashed during a robbery attempt. You are concerned since it is apparent that the vessels in his neck have been lacerated. A breach in which of the following vessels would be most likely to lead to an air embolism? A: Arteries B: Veins C: Capillaries D: Arterioles	B: Veins
	A 17 year old girl was injured when her car was struck from behind while she was stopped at a red light. She is complaining of a headache with neck and back pain. You suspect she has sustained a(n): A: Extension injury B: Compression fracture C: Distraction injury D: Whiplash injury	D: Whiplash injury
	You are treating the amputation of three fingers on a 40 year old male. The fingers were torn off while he was cleaning his snow blower. You have stopped the bleeding. What should you do with the amputated fingers? A: Fingers cannot be reattached so you can discard them in the red bag trash B: Place the fingers directly on ice or use cold packs as they must be kept very cold C: Because it is cold out, you merely need to wrap them in a 5 x 9 dressing and give them to the staff at the ED D: Wrap them in a sterile dressing, put them in a plastic bag and keep them cool	D: Wrap them in a sterile dressing, put them in a plastic bag and keep them cool
	Your patient is a 16 year old male who ran his truck off the road into a ditch. He was driving just fast enough to cause the air bag to deploy when he hit the ditch. He is complaining of some neck and shoulder pain. His vital signs are RR 20, P 110, BP 116/80 and pupils equal and reactive. How should you manage this patient? A: Place him on oxygen, and then slowly move him to the stretcher B: Perform a rapid extrication and spinal immobilize him on a long spine board C: Apply a C-collar and then rotate him to a long spine board D: Use a short spine board, or vest device, then transfer him to a long spine board	D: Use a short spine board, or vest device, then transfer him to a long spine board
	You are treating a 5 year old for extensive burns. You that burns pose a greater risk to infants and children. The reason for that is: A: child abuse is usually the reason for burns B: The parents interference with your assessment and treatment can delay your response C: Their body surface is greater in relation to their total body size D: The child will likely be upset and crying and therefore hard to evaluate	C: Their body surface is greater in relation to their total body size
	For which of the following patients should the EMT carefully continue to monitor the patient's ventilatory status throughout treatment and transport due to the greatest risk of respiratory failure? A: A 34 year old male who opened the radiator of his car and had hot fluid spray on his chest, resulting in redness and pain in an area about the size of the patient's hand B: A 28 year old male who spilled a strong industrial acid on his legs C: 16 year old male whose shirt caught on fire, resulting in circumferential burns of his chest D: 17 year old male with a blistering sunburn on his face	C: 16 year old male whose shirt caught on fire, resulting in circumferential burns of his chest
	Your patient is a 17 year old male baseball player found pulseless and apneic after being struck in the chest by a baseball 6 minutes ago. He is surrounded by other players and staff but no one is providing care. You should: A: place him on a backboard B: Begin chest compressions C: Attach the AED and analyze D: Elevate the patient's legs	B: Begin chest compressions
	While assessing a 78 year old male patient who escaped an apartment fire with partial thickness burns to both arms; the EMT must be aware of which of the following? A: Being involved in a crime makes the patient part of the chain of evidence, requiring a police officer to ride with you to the hospital B: Medical conditions may be aggravated by the burn C: The patient may need to be questioned by police and fire officials about the cause of the fire D: The burn is the most serious injury to this patient	B: Medical conditions may be aggravated by the burn
	Your patient is a 40 year old male who has been exposed to a dry chemical powder and is complaining of severe pain on both of his hands, the site of contact. He is working in an illegal chemical manufacturing plant and there is no decontamination shower on site. Which of the following would be the BEST way to manage this situation? A: Brush away as much of the powder as possible and then have the patient hold his hands under running water from a faucet or regular garden hose B: Brush away as much powder as possible and then pour a bottle of sterile saline solution over his hands C: Have the fire department connect to a hydrant and spray down the patient from head to toe D: Brush away the powder and bandage the hands in a position of function	A: Brush away as much of the powder as possible and then have the patient hold his hands under running water from a faucet or regular garden hose
	Your patient is pregnant at 20 weeks gestation and has been thrown from a horse. She is complaining of back pain. Which of the following is the correct procedure for immobilizing her spine? A: Place the pt supine on the backboard, then put a pillow under the right side of the backboard B: Use a short immobilization device and transport the pt in a sitting position C: Place the patient on her left side on the backboard D: place the patient supine on the backboard	A: Place the pt supine on the backboard, then put a pillow under the right side of the backboard
	Which of the following is the underlying cause of neurogenic shock? A: Dilation of blood vessels B: Failure of the heart to adequately pump blood C: Extreme emotional response to paralysis D: Blood loss from damaged spinal blood vessels	A: Dilation of blood vessels
	A teenage male has fallen onto a railing while skateboarding. He complains of right-sided chest pain and moderate dyspnea. Exposure of his chest reveals a section of his ribs that is moving opposite of the rest of the ribs. You should: A: Apply a bulky dressing over the section B: Roll the patient over onto his right side C: Cover the wound with an occlusive dressing D: Begin positive pressure ventilations	A: Apply a bulky dressing over the section
	Your patient is a 32 year old man with a fish hook that has perforated his hand between the thumb and index finger. Which of the following is the best way to manage the situation in the pre-hospital setting? A:Push the hook through the wound to avoid further damage from the barbed end B: Pull the hook out from the same direction in which it entered the hand C: Leave the hook in place and try not to disturb it D: Apply a pressure dressing over the hook	C: Leave the hook in place and try not to disturb it
	You are caring for a 23 year old female who fell off of a bicycle and sustained a severe laceration on the inside of her upper thigh. Her slacks are torn and you can see most of the wound. What is the next step? A: You need to expose the wound completely, control bleeding, clean the surface by simply removing large pieces of foreign matter if any and dress and bandage the wound B: You need to expose the wound completely because you need to clear away any embedded particles and debris from the wound C: You need to make sure the wound is very clean before trying to control bleeding by exposing the wound completely and cleaning it with alcohol D: You can treat the wound without total exposure as exposing a wound in that area of the body could be embarrassing	A: You need to expose the wound completely, control bleeding, clean the surface by simply removing large pieces of foreign matter if any and dress and bandage the wound
	You are on an EMS standby for a boxing tournament. During one of the matches, one of the female boxers delivers a forcible uppercut to the chest of her opponent, who falls to the ground. The match is declared over on the basis of a TKO. However, the opponent fails to arise following a 1 to 2 minute interval. EMS is summoned to the ring. You find the pt pulse-less and breathing agonal gasps. You suspect which of the following traumatic conditions? A: Tension pneumothorax B: Cardiac tamponade C: Aortic dissection D: Commotio cordis	D: Commotio cordis
	Your patient is a 21 year old male who slid head first down a water slide at his fraternity house and impacted the bales of straw that his fraternity brothers had erected as a barrier to keep participants from sliding onto the adjacent highway. The patient is conscious and complaining of neck pain. Which of the following should be included in your assessment? A: Ask the pt to grasp and squeeze your hands B: Ask the pt to cautiously touch his chin to his chest to check for range of motion C: Apply painful stimuli to his extremities, starting distally and moving closer and closer to the body D: If the patient has no numbness or tingling, ask him to stand and try to walk	A: Ask the pt to grasp and squeeze your hands
	Your patient is a 40 year old man who was burned when he spilled gasoline on his pants and as he was standing near the pilot light of his hot water heater. He has partial thickness burns from his feet to just above his knees, and circumferential around both legs. Using the rule of nines, which of the following most accurately represents the extent of body surface area burned? A: 4.5% B: 18% C: 9% D: 54%	B: 18%
	Your patient is a 33 year old man who has a gunshot wound to his right leg and has active, steady, dark red bleeding. He is awake, pale and diaphoretic. He has a strong radial pulse of 112 per minute, RR 24, BP 122/82mmHg. He has no other injuries or complaints. Which of the following is the BEST sequence of steps in the management of this patient? A: Cervical spine immobilization, high con oxygen, direct pressure, and pressure point compression B: Direct pressure, high con oxygen and splinting the leg C: High con oxygen, elevation of the extremity and application of ice D: High con oxygen, tourniquet, PASG, and elevation of the extremity	B: Direct pressure, high con oxygen and splinting the leg
	Your patient was ejected from his motorcycle when he struck a deer late at night on a deserted highway. He is drowsy and unable to communicate clearly. As you immobilize him on the long spine board, you find that you are unable to obtain neutral alignment of his spine due to the large helmet he has on. You should: A: pad under his shoulders to straighten his neck B: remove the helmet to better manage proper alignment C: Place towels on either side of the helmet to stabilize it D: Tip his head back to gain neutral alignment	B: remove the helmet to better manage proper alignment

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