Final Exam

Front 1

The ability to take action in the face of resistance, through force if necessary.

Back 1

Power

Front 2

The ability to take action based on a person's achieved or ascribed status or moral reputation.

Back 2

Authority

Front 3

The ability to achieve a desired and by exerting social or moral pressure on someone or some group.

Back 3

Influence

Front 4

Groups within a culture that are responsible for political decision-making and leadership, maintain order, protecting group rights, and ensuring safety from external threats.

Back 4

Political organization

Front 5

Least complex, likely oldest, based on closest kinship relations with a fairly small group of people.

Back 5

Band

Front 6

Equal, very small differences in wealth among individuals

Back 6

Egalitarian

Front 7

Example of band level societies

Back 7

Eskimos

Front 8

More complex, larger group, no formal political institutions, but do have solidarity (groups based on kinship, age, gender that provide political organization)

Back 8

Tribes

Front 9

The term tribe is used to characterize two types of subsistence systems

Back 9

Horticulturalist and pastoralist

Front 10

A form of political organization midway between tribe and chief them and involving reliance on the leadership of key individuals who develop a political following through personal ties and redistribute feast

Back 10

Bigman system or big woman system

Front 11

A strategy developing political leadership in Highland New Guinea that involve exchanging gifts and favors with individuals in sponsoring a large feast where further gift-giving occurs

Back 11

Moka

Front 12

More complex than tribe, formalize and centralized, authority over many communities the river ride of complex economic, social, and religious institutions.

Back 12

Chiefdoms

Front 13

Own, manage, and control the basic productive factors of the economy and have privileged access to strategic and luxury goods.

Back 13

Chiefs

Front 14

Pacific island chiefdoms

Back 14

Polynesia Hawaii Samoa Haiti

Front 15

Dry forest, woodland Savannah, and grassy Savannah, intensive horticulture, used hose, cereal grains, peas, and beans

Back 15

African chiefdoms

Front 16

Mississippi region along the Mississippi River, Moundville in Alabama, fish shellfish dear turkey small mammal, intensive horticulture, you told the fertilizer, mais was important crop

Back 16

Native American chiefdoms

Front 17

Pacific coast, doesn't fit willing to teach them category because primarily together, did not practice for dakota or agriculture, unique ecological conditions in northwest provide plenty of resources, game, dear, fish, berries and other plant food, sea mammals

Back 17

North west coast

Front 18

Created by inequality within a society

Back 18

Hierarchical societies

Front 19

Form of political organization in which a centralized political unit and compasses many communities, bureaucratic structure, and leaders who possess course of powers.

Back 19

State

Front 20

cultivation of crops back pain permanent fields year after year after using irrigation and fertilizers

Back 20

Intensive agriculture

Front 21

Complex society with a number of characteristics

Back 21

Civilization

Front 22

Use sophisticated technology based on machinery powered by advanced fuel to produce material goods

Back 22

Industrial society

Front 23

Political communities that have clear defined territorial borders dividing them from one another

Back 23

Nations or States

Front 24

The belief that women are equal to men and should have equal rights and opportunities

Back 24

Feminism

Front 25

Strong sense of loyalty to the nation state based on shared language, values, and culture.

Back 25

Nationalism

Front 26

Historical decline in the influence of religion in society

Back 26

Secularization

Front 27

Processes that maintain social life

Back 27

Social control

Front 28

Generally agreed upon standard for how people should behave, use the unwritten and learned unconsciously.

Back 28

Norm

Front 29

A binding rule created through enactment or custom that defines right and reasonable behavior and is enforced by the threat of punishment

Back 29

Law

Front 30

Exercise of social control to processes of surveillance and the threat of punishment related to maintaining social order

Back 30

Policing

Front 31

A way of determining innocence of guilt in which the accused person is put to a test that may be painful, stressful, or fatal

Back 31

Trial by ordeal

Front 32

On approach within the cross cultural studies of legal systems they examine the role of Law and judicial procedures in maintaining the dominance of powerful groups through discriminatory practices rather than protecting less powerful people

Back 32

Critical legal anthropology

Front 33

Icon some to fan is based on social equality that seeks to ensure entitlement and opportunities for disadvantaged members of society

Back 33

Social justice

Front 34

Conflict based on perceived differences between divisions or sects with a religion

Back 34

sectarian conflict

Front 35

A system of symbols with standards and meanings

Back 35

Language

Front 36

Act of transferring information to others

Back 36

Communication

Front 37

Feature of human language whereby people are able to communicate a potentially indefinite number of messages efficiently

Back 37

Productivity

Front 38

A form of oral communication among nonhuman primates with a set repertoire of meaningful sounds generated in response to environmental factors

Back 38

Call system

Front 39

A feature of human language whereby people are able to talk about events in past and future

Back 39

Displacement

Front 40

A unit of sound that distinguishes meaning in a particular language

Back 40

Phoneme

Front 41

Study of the sounds used in a language

Back 41

Phonology

Front 42

Smallest units of language that convey meaning

Back 42

Morphemes

Front 43

Collection of rules for the way phrases and sentences are made up out of the words

Back 43

Syntax

Front 44

Study of meaning of symbols, words, phrases, and sentences of a language

Back 44

Symantics

Front 45

Linguistic differences in pronunciation

Back 45

Dialect

Front 46

Considered with body motion and gestures using non verbal communication

Back 46

Kinesics

Front 47

Study of how people in different societies perceive and use space

Back 47

Proxemics