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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 core values of America |
Liberty, individualism, equality, self-government |
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Liberty |
Free to act as you choose so long as you don't infringe on the rights of others |
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Individualism |
Commitment to personal initiative and self-sufficiency |
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Equality |
Equal in moral worth and should be equal under law |
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Self-government |
Consent of people is ultimate source of governmental legitimacy |
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Order of events |
British colonial era, declaration of independence, articles of confederation, constitutional concention, federalist paoers, ratification |
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Problem areas and the two Compromises |
1) how to apportion representation - New Jersey Plan -Virginia Plan -Great Compromise 2) how to count slaves -3/5ths Compromise |
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New Jersey Plan |
Small state plan- one statr, one vote in legislature |
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Virginia Plan |
Large State plan- representation based on state population |
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Great Compromise |
Bicameral legislature |
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3/5ths Compromise |
Slaves to be counted as three fifths of a person for counting state population in HoR |
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Key Aspects of the Constitution |
Separation of powers Bill of Rights Judicial review Election |
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Separation of powers |
Each of the 3 branches checks the other two -Scotus can declare executive action unconstitutional or unlawful if not authorized by legislation. Can also interpret congressional acts and declare congressional action unconstitutional -president can veto acts of congress, call Congress into session and execute/implement acts of Congress through executive agencies. President appoints SCOTUS justices -Congress may impeach President, may override veto last investigate presidential or executive agency action, controls fubdibg. Congress determines size or Court System, confirms federal judges, may impeach judges |
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Bill of Rights |
1st 10 amendments added to encourage key states to ratify constitution 1: freedom of press, speech, religion, and assembly 2: right to bear arms 3: housing of soldiers 4: protection from unreasonable searches and seizures 5: protection of Rights to life, liberty, and property 6: rights of accused person in criminal cases 7: rights in civil cases 8: excessive bails, fines, and punishments forbidden 9: other rights kept by the people 10: undefeated powers kept by the States and the people |
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Judicial review |
Not specific in constitution, established Marbury v Madison |
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Election |
Framers believed in representative government but we're suspicious of unchecked majorities, hence electoral college and senators chosen by state legislature (changed by 17th amendment) |
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Federalism |
Sovereignty shared or divided between national and state governments. Allows strong national government while protecting state rights. Response to weak national gov with Articles of Confederation that couldn't lrcy taxes or regulate interstate commerce or effectively manage defense |
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Key enumerated powers of federal government |
Taxing, spending, interstate commerce, defense |
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Implied powers |
Necessary and Proper clause: to take action needed to carry out enumerated powers |
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McCullough v Maryland |
Constitutional valid national law is supreme over conflicting state law (supremacy clause) |
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Marbury v Madison |
Judicial review is established with this case |
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Powers reserved to states by the 20th amendment are ______ used. |
Rarely |
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Federalism in history |
States' rights view originally stronger Dred Scott Dual Federalism era Contemporary federalism |
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Dred Scott |
Slaves remain property even if passed into states with no slavery |
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Dual Federalism era |
The "layer cake", separating national and state authority into two distinct soheres. Ended by the New Deal, which greatly expanded federal Power
New Deal: a series of federal programs, public work projects, financial reforms and regulations enacted in the United States during the 1930s in response to the Great Depression. |
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Contemporary Federalism |
"Marble cake". National government operates in many areas traditionally left to states. Often uses cooperative federalism (joint funding and administration) and fiscal federalism (federal funding, state administration) |
